Thawj qhov kev ua cov seev cev "Cov Taws ntawm Paris", tsim los ntawm librettist Nikolai Volkov, tus kws kos duab Vladimir Dmitriev, tus sau nkauj Boris Asafiev, tus kws qhia tawm Vasily Vainonen thiab tus thawj coj Sergei Radlov raws li cov dab neeg tshiab los ntawm Provençal Felix Gras "The Marseilles" thaum pib xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua xyoo kawg32 coj qhov chaw nyob rau lub sijhawm thiries ntawm lub xyoo pua xyoo dhau los 32 Leningrad, ntawm Theatre ntawm Opera thiab Ballet SM Kirov, thiab tau tsim sijhawm los ua kevcai nco txog hnub 15 lub Kaum Hli ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam Rov Qab. Qeb ntxiv txoj hmoo ntawm tus neeg dhia tes no yog, ib tug yuav hais, ntau dua ua tiav: hauv xyoo 1933 nws tau hloov los ntawm Leningrad mus rau Moscow, uas yog, mus rau Bolshoi Theatre, qhov chaw uas nws tseem nyob hauv kev rov ua dua txog thaum xyoo 1964 thiab tau staged ntau tshaj li ib puas npaug; Tsis tas li nws tseem paub tias Yauxej Stalin nyiam cov seev cev no heev (raws li tus neeg sau paj lug yawg Vasily Vainonen tus tub Nikita, tus "leej txiv ntawm cov neeg" tau tuaj koom qhov kev ua yeeb yam yuav luag 15 zaug), nws nyiam nws ntau heev txawm tias nws tau muab rau nqi zog nyob rau hauv nws lub npe.
Nyob rau xyoo 2004, Alexei Ratmansky, uas nyuam qhuav pib ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ua yeeb yam hu ua Bolshoi Ballet tau tshaj tawm nws lub hom phiaj kom rov qab ua qhov qub tsis nco qab lawm thiab rov muaj dua "Cov Hluav Taws ntawm Paris" nyob rau hauv lub repertoire ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev ua yeeb yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj tsuas yog xyoo 2008 - tom qab ntawd Lub Xya Hli thawj zaug ntawm kev hloov tshiab ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau coj los (nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom rov kho cov haujlwm qub ntawm Vasily Vainonen, txij li tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tsim tawm ntawm xyoo 1950 Xyoo -1960, tshwj tsis yog ntawv xov xwm nees nkaum feeb, tau raug tshwj tseg; nws tau txiav txim siab los sau dua tshiab libretto, txhawm rau kom deb ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tsis lees paub - kev yoog ntawm txoj haujlwm mus rau qhov tseeb niaj hnub tau ua los ntawm Alexei Ratmansky thiab Alexander Belinsky, qhov tshwm sim, plaub qhov kev hloov pauv mus ua ob qho).
Tus kheej, nws tsis tau paub meej rau kuv vim li cas nws tsim nyog los rov ua cov neeg dhia tes taw, lossis rov qab, dab tsi ua rau Alexei Ratmansky, "kev paub tsis meej thiab ib tus tswv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub hlwb," raws li Tatyana Kuznetsova hu nws hauv tsab xov xwm "Counter-Revolution ntawm qhov Great Style "(Vlast magazine, No. 25 (778) Lub Rau Hli 30, 2008), mus koom rau cov chaw ua si lom zem uas tsis nco qab ntev dhau los lawm, ntxiv mus, ua rau nws mob me, kev xav tsis tshua muaj neeg. Tej zaum qhov tag nrho yog nyob rau hauv cov nkauj - nws yeej yog qhov zoo heev, thiab tej zaum nyob rau hauv "keeb kwm pov thawj" kev zoo siab uas gripped tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam ntawm Bolshoi Ballet. Kuv tsis paub. Tab sis kev txiav txim los ntawm qhov txiaj ntsig, qhov kev ua si tau tsim nyog rau lub tswm ciab. "Cov nplaim taws ntawm Paris" - raws li rov ua haujlwm los ntawm Alexei Ratmansky - yog qee yam, hauv txoj kev zoo, tau kawg. Thiab qhov kev ua tiav tau zoo, tsis tsawg kawg yog ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm ci ntsa iab ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv Ilya Utkin thiab Yevgeny Monakhov thiab cov ris tsho ua qauv Elena Markovskaya. Los ntawm txoj kev, peb qhov sib koom tes no nrog Alexei Ratmansky deb ntawm thawj zaug - lawv ua qhov zoo nkauj thiab cov ris tsho rau ob qho kev tshaj tawm ntawm Ratmansky, uas yog, rau lub npas "The Bright Stream" rau suab paj nruag los ntawm Dmitry Shostakovich (Riga, National Opera House, 2004) thiab rau cov neeg seev cev Cinderella mus rau suab paj nruag los ntawm Sergei Prokofiev (St. Petersburg, Mariinsky Theatre, 2002).
Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom lag luam no, nrog rau cov seev cev ntawm "Cov Hluav Taws ntawm Paris", yog hais txog architecturally thiab zoo ib yam li cov "ntawv" cov duab ntawm tib Ilya Utkin ntawm yim xyoo.
Raws li kev tawm tsam ntawm cov qauv nkhaus tau sib koom ua ke los ntawm ntau qhov kev sib tsoo hauv ib qho ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm "Bright Stream", qhov project "Ntoo Skyscraper" los ntawm Ilya Utkin thiab Alexander Brodsky nyob rau xyoo 1988 yog tsis paub tseeb.
Hefty hlau hoop, pleev xim rau xim dub thiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov kab sib txuas ntawm ob lub pob zeb dub uas zoo sib xws hauv Cinderella, uas qee zaus tig ntawm txoj kab dav hlau nyob ib ncig ntawm nws cov diametrical axis thiab, yog li, tau pom los ntawm cov neeg saib pom tias yog chandelier lossis lub moos (lub hoop, ua nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm thaum nws lub dav hlau txiav mus rau saum npoo ntawm theem, tawm tsam cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov rov qab uas yog xim liab lossis faded xiav, nws zoo li qee yam ntawm kev teeb tsa alchemical) - zoo li ib feem ntawm cov qauv iav tau zoo sib xws. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lub Tsev Khaws Tseg thiab Txuj Ci, tsim los ntawm Ilya Utkin ua ke nrog Alexander Brodsky xyoo 1988.
Tab sis "Cov nplaim taws ntawm Paris", Kuv xav tias, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas Ilya Utkin thiab Evgeny Monakhov tau tsim cov qauv tsim, thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ua haujlwm ntawm Elena Markovskaya ua tus tsim cov ris tsho rau hnub tim. Markovskaya siv rau kev tsim cov duab kos ntawm cov ris tsho rau qhov kev tsim khoom no thiab tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm tuaj yeem hu ua Titanic txhua lub sijhawm - nws tuaj nrog ntau dua 300 ris tsho, txhua tus yog qhov muaj tseeb raws li qhov ua tau, thiab txawm tias zoo nkauj heev ntxiv.
Cov nplaim taws ntawm Paris npas tsim tau ntau ntau succinctly ntau dua Cov Ntws Kwj thiab Cinderella: muaj ntau qhov tsis tshua muaj teeb tsa rau qhov tsim ntawm cov nplai no, thiab lawv ua si, raws li nws zoo li rau kuv, lub luag haujlwm thib ob hauv kev tsim ntawm theem chaw.; lub ntsiab "kev nyiam" ntawm no yog, oddly txaus, lub backdrops - loj loj luam tawm ntawm kev thaij duab kos duab los ntawm Ilya Utkin, piav qhia txog cov khoom vaj tsev zoo ib yam li qhov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov neeg hu ua "architectural cev" los ntawm Etienne Louis Bull, ntau qhov chaw pej xeem ntawm Paris (Champ de Mars, Qhov chaw des Vosges), uas, txawm li cas los xij, nyob deb ntawm pom tau tam sim ntawd vim muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov duab lawv tus kheej, cov zoo nkauj nyob hauv tsev ntawm cov palaces. Ntawm txhua hom scenery siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, nws yog lub nraub qaum nrog cov xim dub thiab dawb mem hluav ntawm Paris luam tawm ntawm lawv, ua li yog "los ntawm kev nco", me ntsis cuam tshuam qhov kev muaj tiag, qhov tseeb tsos ntawm Fabkis lub peev, zoo li, nyob rau hauv lawv cov dryness thiab hais txog schematicity, Fabkis txoj kev sib tw ntawm 18th xaus - thaum ntxov 19th xyoo pua XIX xyoo pua, teeb tsa qhov sawv mus rau qhov kev ua tau zoo.
Raws li koj paub, engravings yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov muag pom cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tseeb ntawm Fabkis Revolution. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib zajlus kom cov txheej teeb tsa "raus" cov neeg ua yeeb yam tiag tiag nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev txua. Yog li, lawv ua tiav qhov ntsuas tsim nyog ntawm cov rooj sib txoos - tom qab txhua qhov, muaj kiv puag ncig 200 xyoo dhau los. Tab sis sab nraub qaum ntawm cov rooj sib txoos yog qhov tseeb keeb kwm - tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj leej twg ntawm peb lub sijhawm tam sim no tuaj yeem pom txoj haujlwm Fabkis txoj kev hloov kho tiag tiag, thiab kev kos duab, yog tias xav tau, tuaj yeem pom los ntawm txhua tus. Nws hloov tawm tias cov duab hauv qhov no yog qhov tseeb dua li kev teev ntuj.
Tellingly, ntawm cov sketched architecture ntawm kev ua yeeb yam muaj tsuas yog ib qho naturalistic caij - qhov zoo nkauj ntawm Versailles ua si txog Rinaldo thiab Armida, ua rau hauv cov zajlus tseem ceeb. Uas tseem yog cov zajlus kom: qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua yeeb yam hloov mus ua ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua Parisian lub neej ntawm ob puas xyoo dhau los; qhov sib piv tsuas yog qhia meej txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm qhov scenery.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv txoj kev Ilya Utkin thiab Evgeny Monakhov piav qhia Paris, muaj cov lus piv txwv nrog Federico Fellini zaj duab xis "Casanova", qhov twg Venice, Paris thiab Dresden kuj qhia tau xwm txheej ntau (tus thawj coj zoo, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyiam grotesque scenery rau qhov kev tua tsiaj - piv txwv li, lub hiav txwv tiag tau hloov nyob ntawd nrog cellophane) - ob qho tib si rau cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm "The Flame of Paris" thiab rau tus thawj coj ntawm "Casanova" lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tau khiav tawm ntawm qhov tseeb. Paris hauv Ratmansky txoj kev ua si tig mus ua ib hom ntawm cov dab, lub nroog zoo heev, grey, nrog cov tiaj ua si nrog huab thiab skies them nrog cannon pa, lub nroog uas zoo li yog li paub, tab sis tib lub sijhawm kiag li tsis paub txog.
Cov kev teeb tsa los ntawm Ilya Utkin thiab Yevgeny Monakhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis yog rau qhov tseeb tias lawv tsim ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb - lawv kuj tau piav qhia meej meej txog cov phiaj xwm ntawm kev dhia tes taw. Txhua lub teeb muaj kev xav raws li qhov kev txiav txim nthuav tawm ntawm nws keeb kwm yav dhau los.
Thaum pib ntawm thawj qhov kev coj ua, peb saib yuav ua li cas npau taws npau taws ntawm cov neeg los ntawm kev ua phem ua phem los ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg (tus cwj pwm harasses tus neeg tsis txaus siab Jeanne - nws tus kwv Jerome, pom txhua yam no, sawv rau nws tus muam - nws tau raug ntaus thiab pov rau hauv tsev loj cuj), tab sis nws yog destined loj hlob mus rau hauv kev tawm tsam tsuas yog hauv txoj cai thib ob, rau lub sijhawm ua, "kev phem" tseem tsis tau ua tiav - qhov kev xav tsis zoo thiab txias ntawm cov hav zoov thiab hauv tsev loj cuj ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo, lawv tau thuam, hom khaub ncaws, hnav cov khaub ncaws xim zoo nkauj, zoo li poob tawm tsam lawv cov keeb kwm yav dhau los (hauv qhov sib piv no, cov xim dub dawb thiab cov ris tsho xim - cov nqaij tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam), "Leviathan", lub xeev colossus embodied hauv cov duab txaus ntshai ntawm Marquis lub tsev fuabtais (ntim dev loj loj cylindrical cib), thaum ua tiav, cov nyom hloov pauv txoj kev xav tsuas yog brewing. Maj mam, tom qab los ntawm cov xim dub thiab dawb hloov mus rau xim: txoj kev ntawm lub Tsev ntawm Palace ntawm Versailles yog pleev xim rau tam sim no xiav, tam sim no kub, ntuj saum huab nrog huab dub hla lub Champ de Mars tau txais ib lub txiv kab ntxwv txiv kab ntxwv - lub teb chaws huab tais tab tom yuav rov qab thiab lub hwj chim yuav dhau mus rau Txoj Cai. Rau qhov kawg, xim yuav luag txhua qhov dub thiab dawb cov duab los ntawm backdrops. Cov neeg tau ua qhov kev sim "ncaj ncees" ntawm cov neeg aristocrats, lawv lub taub hau raug txiav tawm ntawm cov guillotines - hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev quab yuam nyob rau Tuileries, cov thaub qab nws tus kheej zoo li loj loj guillotine hniav: lub voos plaub tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm daim duab peb sab ib qho nrog façade kos rau nws, uas hangs ua phem rau theem - tom qab façade- lub ntsej muag ncab lub vijtsam, taws teeb liab los ntawm lub teeb liab. Hauv qee kis, feem ntau ntawm lub teeb tawm mus thiab nws dhau los tsaus ntuj ntawm theem uas tsuas yog lub npoo liab ntawm lub vijtsam thiab cov kiv puag ncig tawm tsam nws cov keeb kwm yav dhau los yog qhov txawv. Zoo nkauj zoo nkauj nyob hauv dav dav. Qhov kev qhia no ua rau nco txog El Lissitzky's avant-garde daim ntawv loj loj "Ntaus Cov Neeg Dub nrog lub Npoo Liab." Yog tias Ilya Utkin thiab Yevgeny Monakhov, thaum xav txog qhov tsim ntawm ntu cua daj cua dub, tseem rov hais txog Lissitzky's "Red Npoo", tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov yeeb yam, yog tias peb tsis paub txog zaj dab neeg, tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog qhov ua piv txwv zoo rau kev hloov ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm qhov tig ntawm XIX-XX ib-paus xyoo, kev tuag ntawm daim duab canonical thiab kev yug ntawm avant-garde art. Txawm hais tias peb tsis nco qab txog Lissitzky, yeej muaj lub cim tshwj xeeb hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev seev cev: cov classical, symmetrical, dub-thiab-dawb lub ntiaj teb tsaus muag, lossis theej, nws tau rhuav tshem los ntawm pawg neeg ntawm ragamuffins, thiab tsuas yog ntshav caws pliav. nyob ntawm nws, ua ke tsim ib qho kev tsis sib xws ntawm avant-garde muaj pes tsawg leeg - kev kov yeej kev kov yeej kev sib haum xeeb …
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob hais txog cov scenery rau qhov ua yeeb yam, uas tseem nyob hauv cov duab kos thiab cov qauv xwb. Qhov kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev quab yuam ntawm lub Tuileries yuav tsum tau ci ntsa iab, muaj xim zoo nkauj dua, yuav tsum muaj kev tawm tsam ntau: Ilya Utkin thiab Yevgeny Monakhov xav ntxiv tsawg kawg plaub ntawm tib "txiav los ntawm huab cua" tshaj lub taub hau ntawm cov neeg ntxeev siab mus rau lub ntsej muag-tawg kev kho dua ntawm theem, thiab lub teeb liab-liab yuav tsum muaj dej nyab txhua yam uas ua tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tsim qauv, thaum kawg ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, cov neeg tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kiv puag ncig yuav tsum tau, nyob rau hauv nrog cov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau yam kev seev cev, nyob rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag ua ib lub duab puab ntawm "zoo tshaj plaws" zoo ib yam li sphinx los ntawm cov npaj ua ntej. Pom tau hais tias, cov neeg tsim qauv xav nyob rau qhov xav tau qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm kev tawm tsam, lawv hais tias, qee qhov tsis nkag siab, saib tsis taus tus vajtswv los hloov Vajtswv txoj kev xaiv tseg.
Txawm li cas los xij, Alexei Ratmansky tsis kam lees ob lub ntsej muag thiab lub rooj sib txoos ntawm "zoo tshaj plaws tau", txhawb qhov no, raws li Ilya Utkin, los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ob daim duab kos duab no qhia txog dab tsi nws, Ratmansky, xav qhia nrog kev seev cev. Zoo, yog tias qhov no muaj tseeb, ces qhov no yog lwm qhov kev lees paub uas Ilya Utkin thiab Evgeny Monakhov tau ua txhua yam raws li nws yuav tsum tau ua.
