Buttercups-paj. Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ntawm Public Council Nyob Hauv Tus Kav Nroog Ntawm Moscow Rau Lub Plaub Hlis 22

Buttercups-paj. Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ntawm Public Council Nyob Hauv Tus Kav Nroog Ntawm Moscow Rau Lub Plaub Hlis 22
Buttercups-paj. Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ntawm Public Council Nyob Hauv Tus Kav Nroog Ntawm Moscow Rau Lub Plaub Hlis 22

Video: Buttercups-paj. Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ntawm Public Council Nyob Hauv Tus Kav Nroog Ntawm Moscow Rau Lub Plaub Hlis 22

Video: Buttercups-paj. Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ntawm Public Council Nyob Hauv Tus Kav Nroog Ntawm Moscow Rau Lub Plaub Hlis 22
Video: Qhia cov txheej lus tham tshoob 2020(ntawm lub rooj mes thiab lub rooj loj) 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Cov pawg sab laj tau pib nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm nrog "ntau yam tsis muaj tseeb" thiab txawm tias tsis yog feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus kos npe - lub tswvyim ntawm kev ua paj dai ntawm lub nroog. Nws yuav zoo li, Qhov no puas tau ua nrog architecture? Qhov feem ntau ncaj qha, paub tseeb Alexander Kuzmin, txij li thaum qhov no suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm kev txhim kho hauv nroog. Piv nrog rau xyoo dhau los, kev ua kom zoo nkauj paj yuav, thawj zaug, yuav nthuav kom dav hauv thaj chaw ua si. Thib ob, "txhua lub caij ua haujlwm" yuav tsim los. Thib peb, kev txhim kho yuav raug tsim nrog kev cia siab ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm cov neeg xiam oob khab. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm monuments - ntawm no Alexander Kuzmin hais txog Tsaritsyno ua piv txwv - lawv tsis ntev los no tau sim ua paj ua paj siv cov tswv yim qub, hauv pandanus architecture ntawm yav dhau los.

Qhov kev npaj daws teeb meem ntawm Plaub Ntiv Nplhaib hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Volgogradsky Prospekt nrog Lyublinskaya Street, Alexander Kuzmin tau qhia nrog kev txaus siab, zoo siab heev rau cov kev coj ua tshiab uas tso cai rau tshooj no txo, txo tus nqi thiab ceev kev tsim kho. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm qhov phiaj xwm tau tsim los tsim lub vojvoog tshiab ntawm Moscow, los ntawm txoj kev Dubrovskaya Txoj Kev 1 txog Txoj Kev Moscow Txoj Kev, es tsis txhob thaub qab rau Volgogradka, 70% ntawm cov uas twb nyob hauv txoj kev uas twb muaj lawm. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tsim txoj kev ntseeg sab hauv tsis yog tag nrho, tab sis tsuas yog nws ntu, chord, los ntawm plaub lub nplhaib rau Lyublinskaya Txoj Kev. Feem ntau, txoj kev ntawm plaub lub nplhaib thauj mus los yuav khiav raws kev hla ntawm Moskva River mus rau Ryazansky Prospekt nrog ob txoj kev sib tshuam, ntawm kev sib tshuam nrog Volgogradka thaub qab thiab nrog txoj kev nws tus kheej. Yog li, Lyublinskaya Txoj Kev, uas muaj ntau lub nroog "dai" ib zaug - Maryino, Lyublino, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem nqa ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub nroog qhov chaw.

Alexander Kuzmin tau thov cov kws sau ntawv txog qhov project kom txuas lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam nrog lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm Chevertoy nplhaib, thiab Vladimir Resin tau txhawb nqa qhov kev pom zoo.

Qhov txuas ntxiv yog qhov haujlwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov tsheb vintage ntawm Rogozhsky Val, tsim los ntawm "Mosproekt-4". Lub tsheb qub uas twb muaj lawm, lub chaw uas muaj ciam av Rogozhsky Val thiab Novorogozhskaya Txoj Kev, raws li Alexander Kuzmin, wedged rau hauv lub cev ntawm thaj chaw nyob thiab tsis siv lub peev xwm ntawm qhov chaw no. Raws li qhov project, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshiab thiab chav ua yeeb yam tshiab yuav tsim nyob ntawm no, nrog thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw ua si, chav sib tham, chav rau cov voj voos, chaw ua haujlwm hloov kho, thiab lwm yam. cov tuam tsev, lub tsev muag ntawm lub tsev uas tau raug txum tim rov qab, thiab lub tsev nws tus kheej tab tom raug tsim nrog cov kab rov tav txuas ntxiv ntawm Txoj Kev Novorogozhskaya.

Kev nthuav tawm yog npaj raws li lub ntsiab cai ntawm lub npe nrov "plhaub" ntawm Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej Frank Lloyd Wright, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tawm tsam, qhov chaw uas nws yuav tsum tso 500 cov khoom pov thawj. Cov chaw nres tsheb hauv chaw nres tsheb, chaw thau khoom thiab kho kom rov qab tau raug tshem mus rau qhov chaw nyob hauv av.

Nyob rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov xov tooj hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg txuas ua ke tom ntej ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej, ntawm Rogozhsky Val, qee tus tub ua lag luam xav tsim lub tsev so, uas, raws li Alexander Kuzmin, zoo rau qhov chaw no, vim tias lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj peev xwm tau txais tagnrho-Lavxias tseem ceeb, thiab, piv txwv li, cov pab pawg saib menyuam yaus yuav raug coj tuaj ntawm no. Cov Council tsis nyiam qhov tseeb tias lub tsev so thiab lub tsev khaws khoom muaj txuas nrog los ntawm kev hla kev tsawg. Yuri Platonov qhia cov kws sau hloov pauv, "los ua kom muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm ob txheej txheem organic ntxiv". Yuri Grigoriev xav tias yuav tsum tshem tawm cov kev hloov mus.

Kev nthuav qhia cov lus pom ntawm cov neeg hais lus, Vladimir Resin rov qab hais tias lub tsev cia puav pheej tau tsim los ntawm cov nyiaj los ntawm pob nyiaj, tab sis yog tias tus neeg tuaj ua lag luam tshwm sim sai, nws yuav zoo siab heev. Resin qhia cov neeg sau ntawv los ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsej muag ua haujlwm sab nrauv: "Thaum nyob hauv daim duab peb pom ntau lub chaw nres tsheb hauv tsev ntau, tsis yog lub tsev khaws khoom qub." Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb tes num tau pom zoo raws li lub tswvyim, thiab kos duab ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej rov los saib dua.

Thiab ib qho ntxiv, ib qho xav paub - lub sijhawm no ntawm Leninsky Prospekt, 19 - "kev tsim kho dua tshiab nrog kev rhuav tshem thiab kev tsim kho tshiab" ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Hluav Taws Xob. G. M. Krzhizhanovsky. Tus sau phau ntawv txog qhov project yog Alexey Vorontsov chaw lis haujlwm. Lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub koom haum tshawb fawb yog qhov tseeb ua piv txwv ntawm Soviet constructivism tsim tsa xyoo 1928 thiab yog ib lub tsev teev hawm qub. Nws yog kev hloov kho, thiab raws li txoj cai, yuav tsis muaj kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub monument, li Valery Shevchuk hais kom rov qab los. Ob lub tsev ntxiv ntawm Soviet lub caij nyoog, No. 2 thiab No. 3 tab tom raug rhuav tshem, thiab lub tsev tshiab, yim-sab, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov phaj tib seem rau txoj kev tsheb, tab tom ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev 3 ncab nrog Malaya Kaluzhskaya Txoj Kev. Hauv lub tsev zoo thiab lub tsev tshiab tsim, 70% yog qhov chaw ntawm lub koom haum tshawb nrhiav. Cov chaw khiav dej num yuav nyob hauv lub tsev tshiab uas muaj chaw nres tsheb tsib-theem hauv av.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob pauv ntawm thawj cov qauv tsev tshiab tau raug thuam los ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj Hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Moscow. Valery Shevchuk rov qab hais tias qhov kev tsim kho tab tom ua haujlwm tsis yog nyob ib sab ntawm lub monument, tab sis feem ntau hauv cov chaw muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob ib sab ntawm Neskuchny Garden, thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog "kev nthuav tawm hom". Cov lus nug tau raug tsa los ntawm kev npaj cov chaw nyob hauv av ntawm thaj chaw ntawm monument. Hauv daim ntawv thib ob, qhov ntim ntau dhau hwv txiav nyob rau hauv qhov dav thiab ua kom sib npaug ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov tsev nyob ib puag ncig, yog li ntawd, raug thawb rov qab mus rau qhov chaw, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lub koom haum constructivist nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm "trident" nrog nws lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntsib txoj kev.

Vladimir Resin tau pom zoo kom pom zoo rau txoj kev xaiv thib ob thiab pab txhawb lub koom haum, vim nws twb tau mus hloov kho lub hauv paus technical. Thiab Valery Shevchuk, uas tau hem cov kws lij choj nrog kws lij choj chaw haujlwm rau kev ua txhaum, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm pawg sab laj tau pom tias nws yuav tsum tau rub rov qab, lawv hais tias, "tsis yog pike, tab sis tus ntoo khaub lig crucian", yog li tsis muaj dab tsi ntshai, tsuas yog " Peb yuav tsum ua haujlwm kom tus kws lij choj chaw haujlwm tsis muaj lus nug rau koj”.

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw qub tsob ntoo "Moskvich", qhov twg qhov kev tsim kho ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub "Metropolia" ntawm 1.5-2 lab square meters npaj. squares, Alexander Kuzmin xa mus rau pawg sab laj "rau tshuaj xyuas." Kev rov ua haujlwm tau npog thaj tsam ntawm 134 hectares ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Volgogradsky Prospect, Thib Peb Lub Nplhaib, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya thiab Melnikova Street. Tus txheej txheem npaj ntawm qhov project no tau tsim los ntawm Japanese tuam txhab Nikken Sekkei. Raws li lub tswv yim, thaj chaw hauv nroog, thaj chaw ua si thiab thaj chaw lag luam yuav tsim nyob ntawm no - qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws hauv architecture thiab qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim kho hauv nroog. Nws ncab ntawm Ntu Peb Lub Nplhaib mus rau cov xwm txheej ze rau qhov chaw nres tsheb ntawm Volgogradsky Prospekt thiab sawv cev rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm "tawg" lossis paj, uas twb tau siv dua los ntawm Western cov kws tshaj lij, qhov twg lwm tus "ya mus deb" ntawm qhov chaw siab. sawv thawj, maj mam nqis los rau vaj tse thiab cov khw ze. Thaum pib, cov tub ua lag luam tau thov qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 364 metres (70 plag tsev), uas, raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov toj roob hauv pes, tau pom txawm tias los ntawm Red Square. Alexander Kuzmin xav pom zoo tias nws yuav tsum tso tseg thiab nug tias cov kws sau ntawv yuav raug qhia kom ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw uas twb tau tswj hwm los ntawm kev soj ntsuam toj roob hauv pes.

Vladimir Resin tsis ntseeg qhov ua tiav ntawm peb tes num, nco qab cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm ntawm nws ntawm MIPIM kawg.

Kev coj ua, cov khoom siv nyuaj tshaj plaws tau muab tso rau tom kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem. Ntau ntawm lawv tau rov kuaj xyuas, uas yuav luag txhua qhov chaw cuam tshuam nrog lub tsev hauv keeb kwm kev teeb tsa.

Peb tau sau txog qhov haujlwm ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom ntiag tug ntawm kev sau ntiag tug ntawm cov twj paj nruag (los ntawm Dmitry Alexandrov) qee lub sijhawm dhau los. Txog thaum tsis ntev los no, cov chaw no tau nyob ntawm qee lub chaw ci, uas ntau ntawm pawg sab laj nco txog. Thiab txawm tias lub sijhawm dhau los, thaj chaw tau koom nrog Chaw tu menyuam ntsuag, lub tsev loj uas, nrog kev tsim kho los ntawm Gilardi, yog nyob Solyanka Txoj Kev. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej me me tshiab tshwm ntawm lub ces kaum qhov khoom ntawm qhov thaiv uas yog Solyanka, Ustinsky, Kitaygorodsky thiab Solyansky nqe lus.

Cov khoom ntiag tug sau ntawm Lavxias bronze thiab cov cuab yeej ua cim suab paj nruag nws tus kheej yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm 4 txhiab square meters. Ntu tshooj tsev yuav rov ua haujlwm tsev. Cov lus sib xyaw ntawm lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm ob ntu ntawm qhov siab sib txawv, sib koom ua ke los ntawm stylobate, uas kho cov ciam teb ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab "cov kab liab" ntawm cov tuam tsev qub. Sab lauj, 2-3 plag tsev raws Ustyinsky proezd, yog chav tsev ua yeeb yam, sab xis 3 theem nyob sab Solyanka yog kev ua yeeb yam thiab chaw tswj hwm. Lub tsev haum zoo rau lub ces kaum cheeb tsam faib rau nws thiab muaj ib puag ncig, txij ntawm qhov chaw nkag.

Qhov hais tsis zoo hauv Alexander Kuzmin tsab ntawv tshaj tawm, uas, raws li txoj cai, ua tim khawv rau nws txoj kev xav pab ua qhov project, tsis cuam tshuam rau qee tus tswvcuab ntawm pawg neeg tsis txaus siab. Nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm no, Yuri Gnedovsky xav "ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, ua kom nws tsis muaj ntau qhov tsaus ntuj thiab khi nws rau hauv cov keeb kwm kev teev ntuj hauv lub teev." Nws ciali mus Yuri Platonov tias lub tsev me me ntawm kaum ntawm qhov chaw tsis khoom tsis tau hais yog raws qhov xwm txheej. Piv txwv li lub tsev nyob ze ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj St. Peter thiab Paul, piv txwv li, tsis muaj qhov nkag ntawm qhov chaw nkag, qhov nkag nkag yog dhau ntawm thaj chaw sab hauv, yog li “tsis xav fuss ntawm no, tsis tas yuav tsim qhov kev xav tias qhov no yog txoj kev nkag mus rau lub khw muag khoom, "xaus Platonov. Mikhail Posokhin pom zoo rau cov neeg tuaj yeem tsim cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov ntawv thov ntau. Tab sis xws li lub tsev me me, hauv nws lub tswv yim, tsis xav tau kev daws teeb meem hauv cov ntawv loj, hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob peb pawg uas muaj khub, piv txwv. Posokhin qhia "kom nws cov architecture ntau ntxiv nrog txoj kev kos duab ntawm txoj kev." Raws li Andrey Bokov, "Qhov chaw no tsis yog lub laj thawj rau kev pom ntau. Theej, nws yuav tsum yog lub tsev uas txuas rau qhov tsis sib haum xeeb. " Raws li Bokov, "cov nkauj" ntawm cov "sab hauv" yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li cov yeeb yam kom txog thaum nws tau nyeem. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej, Bokov ntseeg hais tias, yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, koj yuav tsum nkag mus kom raug, yog li nws txhawb nqa Platonov lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsiv nkag.

Tom qab mloog txhua leej txhua tus, Vladimir Resin, hais tawm tias cov neeg tam sim no tseem pom zoo rau qhov project, txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov lus ceeb toom. Hauv nws lub tswv yim, kev tsim lub tsev khaws khoom "yog qhov zoo heev, tshwj xeeb yog vim peb yuav tso peb cov keeb kwm hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej no …".

Lub tsuas khoom nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov uas passions flared los ntawm cov rog ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam tiv thaiv (feem ntau Alexei Klimenko) yog ib qhov phiaj xwm los rov ua kom zoo li sab nraud ntawm manor vaj tsev ntawm 18 - 19th centuries. A. S. Saltykova-Polivanova ntawm Bronnaya. Cov qub txeeg qub tes ua txoj haujlwm nyob hauv ib thaj chaw txuas, ntxiv rau Bronnaya, Sytinsky Lane thiab Tverskoy Boulevard. Nws nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab, feem ntau, raws li Kuzmin, tau ua tiav Mosproekt-2, suav txog cov lus pom zoo ntawm Central Institute of Geology thiab Geology.

Lub tswv yim ntawm "rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov keeb kwm zoo li" muaj kev hloov kho dua tshiab thiab suav cov tsev uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw hauv cov qauv. Nws muaj ob lub tsev 3-4 theem: ib lub tsev so - cov chav tsev nrog kev lag luam hauv lub tsev tsim tshiab thiab lub tsev kawm kos duab rau cov menyuam xiam oob qhab nyob hauv ib qho, uas yav tas los nyob hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv muaj npe tom qab A. N. Nekrasov.

Alexander Kuzmin tsis tham txog qhov project ntau - thiab lub sijhawm thaum Vladimir Resin twb tau npaj siab los pom zoo lawm, tus neeg liam ntawm kev qub txeeg qub teg Alexei Klimenko tshwm sim ntawm lub microphone. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas zoo siab heev, nws tau sim los ua pov thawj rau tus thawj coj tias qhov haujlwm hauv daim foos no tsis tau npaj txhij thiab yuav tsum tau hloov. Qhov tseeb yog tias ntawm Tverskaya Boulevard, cov "qub txeeg qub teg" muaj tib lub tsev txuas nrog txoj hauv kev taug kev, 2 pem teb, npog ntawm sab saud nrog cov nthab loj heev, yog li tsis poob ib qho tshiab ntxiv hauv av. Nws tau nyob saum nthab no tias Aleksey Klimenko nqa caj npab, sau cia tias velux lub qhov rais tau tso cai hnub no tsuas yog mus rau tom tshav puam, tab sis tsis yog rau txoj kev. Nws tau muaj kev txhawj xeeb sib txawv hauv qhov sib txuas nrog cov qub txeeg qub teg hauv tsev, lub tsev 25 ntawm Tverskoy Boulevard, qhov chaw cov Literary Institute nyob tam sim no: “Dab tsi yuav tshwm sim thaum lub taub dej loj no loj tuaj? Yawg Shevchuk nyob qhov twg? " Valery Shevchuk tshwm sim hauv kev hu xov tooj thiab tau lees tias Aleksey Klimenko nrog nws velux qhov rais tau yog. Thiab nyob rau hauv dav dav, tus thawj coj ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj Hauv Paus Ncig tau paub tseeb tias txij li qhov no yog monument ntawm tseem ceeb tsoomfwv, tom qab ntawd txhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua raws li txoj cai.

Alexander Kuzmin sawv los tiv thaiv qhov project, sau cia tias cov tub ua lag luam tau ua kom muaj kev pom zoo rau cov neeg saib xyuas cov cuab yeej cuab tam, tso lub tswv yim qub los thaiv lub tshav puam. Yuri Grigoriev thiab Viktor Logvinov ob leeg tau mus txhawb qhov project, hais tias xws li kev sib cav xws li velux feem ntau tsis tsim nyog sib tham nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tham siab, thaum nws tsis pom qhov yuam kev ntawm no.

Txawm li cas los xij, Alexei Klimenko cov lus hais tau zoo dhau los ua tus thawj coj - Vladimir Resin tsis ntseeg siab lub nthab, velux, thiab overconsolidation: "Tshaj dhau ntawm lub nthab, kuv tsis yog kws kes duab vajtse, tab sis nws zoo li kuv tias qhov no zoo dua rau Austrian thiab Lub nroog German … ". Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tswv yim ntawm kev rov ua dua keeb kwm ntawm lub ntsej muag tau pom zoo, tab sis qhov project tsis raug lees txais, qhia rau nws thaum kawg.

Cov tom kawg tau sib tham, lossis theej, yam tsis lees txais, qhov haujlwm ntawm theem ob ntawm lub chaw nruab nrab ntawm Ozerkovskaya embankment rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv TV Center channel. Qee qhov chaw hauv cheeb tsam, muaj ciam dej ciam av ntawm thaj av ntawm thaj av, Ozerkovsky txoj kab thiab Bol. Tatarskaya txoj kev, twb tau nyob pem hauv ntej ntawm "3 channel", uas nyob hauv qhov tob ntawm lub xaib no tau tsim theem 1 ntawm kev tsim kho vajtse-studio niaj hnub. Lub tsev kawm ntawv rau ntu thib ob yog pub dawb; nws tau npaj los ua lub tsev 13-15 dav xwm fab xwm meem nyob ntawd. Alexander Kuzmin tau nug cov lus qhia los muab cov kws txawj ua vaj tsev tsim ua ntej rau kev tsim qauv ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab pom zoo cov ntawv thov, uas tsis tau tsa cov kev tsis pom zoo.

Pom zoo: