"Clayburg", nrog rau kaum ob lwm lub tsev zoo sib xws, tau tsim thaum tig xyoo 1960 - 1970 hauv thaj chaw Beilmermeer. Tus qauv npaj rau thaj chaw yog los ntawm Siegfried Nassuth thiab Kleiburg project los ntawm Frans Ottenhof. Tus qauv thiab kos duab tau qhia raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm International Congress of Contemporary Architecture (CIAM).
Lub tsev 11-theem, tau teeb tsa hauv tus qauv hauv hexagonal, muaj cov ntu thiab tau nruab nrog cov chav qhib uas hloov cov chaw sib tshuam hauv tsev. Thaj chaw ntsuab loj tau tsim nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tuam tsev, thiab kom nce ntxiv thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw pej xeem, txoj kev tau tsa mus rau kev hla, thiab cov neeg taug kev thiab cov neeg caij tsheb tau txav chaw nyob ywj pheej hauv qab lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv ntau lub tsev nres tsheb tau muab rau txhua chav tsev.
Lub hom phiaj qub - los tshem tawm cov tsev nyob tsis txaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav nyob rau tom qab kev ua tsov rog tom qab - tau ua tiav, tab sis tom qab ntawd thaj chaw sib koom txoj hmoo ntawm thaj chaw nyob thoob plaws teb chaws Europe: nws maj mam dhau los ua thaj chaw tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg pluag thiab (feem ntau tsis raug cai)) neeg tsiv teb. Cov kev hloov kho sai ntawm cov tsev tsim los ntawm cov khoom pheej yig kuj tsis ua rau muaj kev vam meej. Yog li ntawd, twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1985 muaj kev npaj rhuav tshem Beilmermer, thiab nws cov neeg tiv thaiv tig mus rau Rem Koolhaas. Nws, zoo li lub siab ntawm nws txoj kev mob siab rau "kev sib raug zoo" modernist architecture, tsim txoj kev npaj rau kev tsim kho hauv cheeb tsam, txawm li cas los xij, tseem nyob ntawm daim ntawv.
Daim ntawv thov rau kev kho dua tshiab yog lub dav hlau poob thaum xyoo 1992, thaum lub dav hlau El Al poob rau hauv ob lub tsev, uas tom qab ntawd tau tawg thiab ntes hluav taws, ua rau lub tsev puas tsuaj. Maj mam, cov tuam tsev vaj tse hauv Beilmermer pib raug rhuav tshem, hloov los ntawm cov tsev muaj npe nrov siab dua, lossis rov tsim dua tshiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau siv lawv txoj haujlwm faib ua qee ntu, qee zaum kuj rhuav tshem tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev.
Nyob rau xyoo 2000 tau tig los ntawm "Kleyburg" (1971). Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv kawg dhau los ntawm qhov kev txhim kho Beilmermer qub. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib feem ntawm tsev so Beilmermer Tsev khaws puav pheej (ib feem ntawm thaj chaw, uas tau tawm tsam los ntawm cov koomhaum pej xeem ntawm tib lub npe). Tom qab ntawd Greg Lynn yeej qhov kev sib tw rau kev tsim kho txoj haujlwm nrog kev ua kom zoo nkauj, tab sis qhov tsis muaj peev xwm xav tau: nws xav tau txhim kho "stainless" txoj kev hauv tsev "ntawm lub ntsej muag. Kaum xyoo tom qab, lub tsev tau rov qab sib ntsib dua: cov tswv mus rhuav nws tag nrho lossis ib feem, npaj vaj tse rau cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv seem, thiab lwm yam.
Tab sis qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev siv zog ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Beilmermer ua rau nws ncua sijhawm rhuav tshem, thiab tom qab ntawd "Kleiburg" - 400-meter-ntev 500-chav tsev nyob - raug txiav txim siab muag rau cov cim ntawm 1 euro nrog cov xwm txheej ntawm yam yuav tsum rov ua haujlwm. Nws tau nqa los ntawm Consortium De Flat pab pawg ntawm cov tuam txhab, uas tau caw NL Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm los koom tes. Cov kws kes qauv xav txog lub tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab, "khoom" ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo hauv lub tsev tam sim no, tsim nyog hwm. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov haujlwm muab rau qhov tseeb txog qhov teeb meem: yog tias nws tsis yog "siv tau", "Kleyburgh" yuav tuag.
Yuav kom nqa lub tsev rov qab rau nws daim foos, peb lub tshuab nqa sab nraud, uas tau ntxiv rau xyoo 1980, yuav raug rhuav tshem. Nyob rau hauv kev rov qab, cov elevators tshiab yuav raug teeb tsa sab hauv. Nws tau npaj los kho tsis yog tsuas yog lawv xwb, tab sis tseem qhib chav hauv tsev, chaw ntaiv, tus qauv nws tus kheej, thiab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov tsev xauj tsev rau cov neeg xauj tsev yam tsis muaj qhov kawg thiab tsis muaj qhov sab hauv. Qhov no yuav txo qis npaum li cas ntawm kev nqis peev uas yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tseem yuav muab kev ywj pheej rau cov neeg ntiav khoom tom ntej. Lawv txawm tias tuaj yeem txuas ob peb chav sib txuas hauv pem teb rau hauv ib lossis tsim ib qhov.
Thaum lawv tau pub kev ywj pheej tag rau sab hauv, cov kws tsim qauv npaj rau sab nrauv kom zoo li qub tau - ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm qub. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv rau qhov tam sim no zoo sib xws "facades" ntawm cov chav tsev uas qhib rau hauv chav ua haujlwm, cov neeg nyob hauv tsev yuav tau muab cov phau ntawv ntawm cov ntoo ua nyob rau hauv tib lub style: muaj cov kev xaiv rau ob chav tsev, rau cov neeg uas xav ua rau panoramic glazing, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntoo zoo nkauj thiab qhib ntau dua li thawj zaug, tus cwj pwm ntawm cov qauv zoo li no yuav tsum muab "Kleiburg" tshiab saib thiab duab.
Qhov teeb meem kawg daws tsis tau yog chaw nres tsheb. Cov tub ceev xwm npaj rau rhuav tshem cov dav ya, vim tias qhov chaw hauv qab lawv tau dhau los ua qhov kub ntxhov ntawm kev ua txhaum cai, thiab xa rov qab lub tsheb mus rau hauv av. Ntau ntau-garages tseem yuav raug rhuav tshem. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov chaw nres tsheb qhib yuav nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntsuab. Cov kws tsim qauv hais kom txiav tsawg tshaj plaws cov ntoo uas tsis tshua muaj nqi, thiab cov chaw nres tsheb thiab cov kev taug kev yuav ua rau me ntsis nyob ib puag ncig cov seem, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig nrog ntxhib ntxig tshaj tawm.
