Pib txij lub Ib Hlis 17, xovxwm thiab Is Taws Nem yog tag nrho ntawm cov ntawv sau tseg rau cov haujlwm txheej txheem ntawm cov chaw muag khoom ntawm Moscow, tsim los ntawm Moscow Committee rau Architecture thiab Construction sawv cev rau tus kav nroog Sergei Sobyanin.
Moskomarkhitektura nws tus kheej hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm cov haujlwm tau hais txog "kev coj ua" ntawm cov khoom tsim, tsim kom lawv tuaj yeem sib sau zoo li cov menyuam yaus Lego kev tsim kho los ntawm cov khoom thaiv ntawm ob qhov ntau thiab tsawg, cuaj caum metres los ntawm ib thiab ib nrab, thiab ib thiab ib nrab rau ib thiab ib nrab metres. Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb kuj tseem hais ntxiv tias cov chaw muag khoom tsim qauv ntau qhov sib txawv, npaj rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog - rau qhov chaw, ntawm chav kawm, "classic", rau cov so "niaj hnub", "minimalism" thiab tshwj xeeb yog lus txhais ntawm "dawb style" (muaj ib qho kev ua xyem xyav yog txhais li cas los ntawm eclecticism).
Tus kws tshaj lij txua ntoo ua ke Grigory Revzin piv nrog cov haujlwm uas pom muaj nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj haujlwm, ua tiav zoo. Thiab, kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb txuas mus ntxiv, nws los txog rau qhov xaus tias qhov kev pib no koom nrog Moskomarkhitektura thiab tsis yog kev ua lag luam ntawm ib lub lag luam qauv sim los txeeb qhov loj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tsis muaj kev sib tw.
Cov neeg ua lag luam (piv txwv, ARPP, koom haum ntawm Cov Ntawv Qhia Cov Muag Khoom), nyeg, tawm tswv yim nrog kev ntshai ntawm qhov xwm txheej, muaj kev ceeb toom tias cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab yuav poob lag luam los ntawm cov thawj kauj ruam no. Tom qab ntawd, lwm cov neeg ua lag luam ntsuas cov phiaj xwm tau zoo.
Tab sis ob peb tus uas sib tham txog cov ncauj lus no, tau pom, paub tias qhov phiaj xwm tsis yog li txhua yam tshiab raws li nws xav kom zoo li. Tsawg kawg yog ob thiab ib nrab xyoo dhau los, ntawm Public Council nyob rau hauv tus kav nroog ntawm Yuri Luzhkov, ib daim ntawv sau tseg ntawm qhov chaw sib tw "Cov Ntawv Tshaj Tawm rau kev thim cov kev tshaj tawm ntawm Kremlin qhov chaw ruaj ntseg", tsim nyob rau hauv 14 ntawm Rhiav ntawm Mosproekt- 2, tau sib tham. Ntxiv rau cov phiaj xwm kev npaj dav dav thiab cov lus pom zoo rau kev tshem cov cim ncab, lub tswvyim no suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv txhim kho: txhawb rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab lwm yam kev tshaj tawm, teeb txawb, rooj zaum, khib nyiab rau khib nyiab, chaw tawm rooj thiab chaw nres tsheb npav. Lawv tau daws nyob rau hauv rau ntau yam sib txawv, cov uas yog "classic", "minimalism", "free style", "modern". Tom qab ntawd tsis muaj leej twg pom qhov phiaj xwm no, vim tias txhua tus neeg ib txwm nyiam ua haujlwm, thaj, rau kev siv zog ntawm Yuri Luzhkov los tawm tsam kev tshaj tawm thiab lwm yam kev sim ua kom lub zog Moscow.
Yog li, piv cov duab, nws yog qhov yooj yim pom tau tias cov chaw muag khoom thaum ntxov 2011 tus qauv rau tus kav nroog Sobyanin yog ua raws li daim ntawv cog lus dai rau tus kav nroog Luzhkov ntawm ib nrab xyoo 2008 qauv. Lawv tau muab faib ua cov qauv zoo sib xws thiab tseem raug ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom hauv nroog. Thiab cov tsos ntawm cov ntsiab tau hloov me ntsis.
Piv txwv li cov classics. Nws pom tseeb tias cov duab ntawm tus neeg muag khoom tau qiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kiosk ntawm xyoo 2008 "classic" series. Lossis Art Nouveau: lub tswvyim xyoo 2011 lub rooj muag khoom tau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem thav duab ntawm WC cubicle los ntawm yav dhau los Art Nouveau series, pom zoo rau kev tso chaw hauv thaj chaw ib ncig ntawm Kremlin. Lub rooj ntev zaum thiab laj kab tseem tsis tau hloov pauv, thiab lub teeb tau txais ceg ntoo uas zoo ib yam, thiab los ua ob lub raj tsis muaj ib lub raj.
Tau kawg, cov phiaj xwm tau ua tiav qhov kos thiab kos duab. Yog li, muaj cov duab kos ntawm lub ntsej muag, zoo ib yam li lub ntsej muag thiab profile, duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm tib neeg cov nuj nqis, ib daim ntawv teev cov khoom siv los ntawm nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua chaw muag khoom, thiab cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov phiaj xwm xyoo 2011 tau dhau los loj dua. Billboards thiab lwm yam kev tshaj tawm xov xwm tau ploj zoo rau nws, raug hloov los ntawm laj kab - kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm, nce lub siab ntawm Muscovites, thiab nyob rau ntawm lub tsev muag khoom nrog cov duab loj ntawm cov khoom muag uas ua rau muaj qab los noj mov ntawm cov pej xeem. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov khoom-nqa khoom ntawm kev tshaj tawm tau raug tshem tawm vim tias lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm, ua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tus kav nroog qub. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no nyuaj los ua pov thawj.
Kev hais lus nruj me ntsis, peb tab tom soj ntsuam qhov tseeb ntawm kev coj qhov project tawm ntawm lub rooj thiab kho nws rau cov kev xav tau tshiab. Qhov tseeb, ntawm qhov tod tes, kuj tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog kev tsim kho kev txhim kho thiab kho kom zoo ntawm kev tsim qauv. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam kos duab thiab tsim qauv. Kev ua yeeb yam art nyob rau hauv dav dav yuav luag tag nrho muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntxhais paub zoo, thaj av thiab iconography. Yog li ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho ntawm lub iconography ntawm lub rooj muag zaub, uas, raws li qhov kev nthuav dav no, loj hlob mus rau lub rooj muag zaub, ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom.
Ntawm no kuv xav pom zoo nrog tus neeg hais lus thuam, kev koom tes ntawm kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv cov phiaj xwm no tau xav tias me ntsis, es daim phiaj yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm "lub zog thiab kev tsim tswv yim". Hauv kev sib txuas no, Kuv xav rov qab hais dua ob zaug ntxiv, tsis yog ze npaum li ntawd, tab sis pom tau hais tias yog qhov tsis xws li yav dhau los. Nws zoo nkaus li tias xyoo 1980s, Arkady Raikin-txiv tau tham txog cov tsho tiv no ib txwm, sewn ntawm Soviet cov lag luam raws li tus qauv, rau cov tub hluas nrog lub pluaj grey, thiab rau cov menyuam ntxhais muaj lub txiv kab ntxwv, "… vim tias cov menyuam ntxhais nyiam siv zog. rau qhov kaj. " Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, daim duab "Gosstandart" tau ua yeeb yaj kiab, qhov twg cov thawv vaj huam sib luag tau npog thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Qhov no yog tej zaum muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm kev txiav txim hauv lub xeev - kom npog txhua yam puag ncig.
Thawj zaug hauv tebchaws Russia tuaj nrog lub tswv yim tsim lub nroog raws li cov qauv txheej txheem yog Peter The Great. Txhawm rau kom ua zoo rau cov neeg Lavxias mus rau European architecture, ntxiv rau kev hloov pauv txoj kev qhib tshiab ntawm lub nroog thiab cov tuam tsev tsis zoo, nws tau hais kom Trezzini cov kws ua vaj tsev tsim qauv tsim vaj tsev "rau lub vile", uas yog, cov neeg tsis zoo, rau cov muaj nyiaj, thiab rau cov muaj koob muaj npe nyob hauv St. Petersburg. … Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv dab tsi tuaj yeem ntsib tom qab ib lossis lwm lub ntsej muag, thiab tseem kom cov neeg nplua nuj tsis nto qaub ncaug rau ntau cov npe nrov rau cov khoom kim heev. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov uas xav tau yog rau kev zoo nkauj. Tus kav nroog tshiab thiab txoj haujlwm raug kho dua tshiab ntawm Moskomarkhitektura tau ua raws nraim li tus taw kev ntawm Peter Great.
Ib qho tuaj yeem, yog qhov tseeb, saib ntawm nws lub sijhawm ntawm ib tus neeg zoo li Trezzini (nws tau tsim lub tuam tsev Peter thiab Paul Cathedral) thiab Leblond (nws kos lub hom phiaj dav dav ntawm St. Petersburg). Kev txiav txim, piv txwv li, classics Ilya Utkin, kev lag luam style rau Boris Levyant, modernism rau Vladimir Plotkin, minimalism rau Nikolai Lyzlov, hi-tech rau Pavel Andreev … Tab sis peb tes num peb lub xyoos dhau los zoo li yuav txhim khu kev qha dua. Los sis tej zaum tsis muaj sijhawm: ntawm kev tawm tsam tus thawj tswj hwm tshiab ntawm cov rooj muag khoom thiab tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm, ob hlis thiab ob hlis dhau los, rho tawm Xyoo Tshiab hnub so. Tab sis tseem tshuav qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, yog li ntawd tsis muaj sijhawm rau kev tsim qauv. Tab sis nws puas tsim nyog nws maj nrawm thiab txuag ntawm kev tsim qauv qee yam uas tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau qhov ntau? Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov lag luam muag lag luam me tau tshaj tawm lawv qhov kev pom zoo nrog cov phiaj xwm, hais tias "lawv tsis suav tag nrho cov ntawv thov tau mus rau lub ntsej muag."
