A. Len tsim ntau rau cov cheeb tsam, tab sis Voronezh tab tom txhim kho keeb kwm zoo ib yam. Nrog rau lub tuam txhab "VDK" ntawm St. Petersburg chaw lis haujlwm tau siv ob txoj hauv kev - "RC" Tsib lub nroog "thiab RC" Lavxias Avangard ", ntawm txoj kev" Bunin "thiab lub tsev ua si" Grand Prix ", muaj ntau txoj haujlwm tau tsim., muaj kev xav tau rau txoj kev loj hlob kev tsim kho vaj tse nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov phiaj xwm txawv teb chaws. Tus txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev yog tus tsim tawm Evgeny Khamin, uas Sergei Oreshkin piav qhia tias yog tus neeg mob siab rau xav hloov lub nroog.
Evgeny Khamin tau los nrog lub tswv yim los faus cov nyom yav tom ntej rau Ivan Bunin, uas tau yug los hauv Voronezh. Thawj lub tswv yim yas tau yug los ntawm qhov chaw yooj yim nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw nkag mus rau hauv lub nroog los ntawm Moscow sab thiab ncig los ntawm cov kua txiv ntoo, thiab cov koom haum ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm "Hnub Nyoog Nyiaj" uas tau teev los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom: cov ntawv nyiaj ntawm cov phau ntawv, mahogany lub rooj, lub teeb ntsuab,”tus kws kes duab vajtse hais. Thawj txoj kev kos duab ntawm Sergei Oreshkin tau pom zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd ntau lub tswv yim qhia tau tsim, "tawm" hauv txoj haujlwm kawg.
Tom qab ntawd tus neeg siv khoom tau caw Dutch KCAP Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm & Cov Npaj Ua Haujlwm. A. Len twb muaj kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog lub chaw lis haujlwm no, uas nyob hauv Russia, peb sau tseg, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws paub rau nws txoj haujlwm ntawm cov phiaj xwm tswv rau Perm, - tam sim no, raws li kev sib koom tes ntawm A. Len, KCAP thiab Orange lub tuam txhab
Thaj nroog Golden City ntawm thaj chaw uas muaj tswv ntawm Vasilievsky Island hauv St. Petersburg.
Edward Schürmans, tus khub ntawm KCAP Architects & Planners, hais tias: "Peb tau pom zoo tam sim ntawd rau kev caw ntawm peb cov npoj yaig los ntawm St. Petersburg ua haujlwm ua ke ntawm txoj haujlwm tshiab - tam sim no hauv Voronezh. Vim tias tsis yog-tus qauv ntawm txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem tsis yog thawj zaug, ua ntej, vim tias qhov loj ntawm lub tsev ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem thawm vaj tse hauv kev npaj hauv nroog. Thib ob, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis lees txais qhov kev sib tw los tsim lub tsev siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov rooj nkag mus hauv nroog. Thiab qhov thib peb, yog lawm, kuv tau txais kev xav paub txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv lub npe thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Ivan Bunin ua lub hauv paus rau kev ua npe ntawm txoj haujlwm."
Tom qab kev sib koom tes ntawm lub hlwb, KCAP ua rau 15 txheej txheem nrog kev daws teeb meem. Pab neeg tag nrho, ua ke nrog cov qhua tuaj noj mov, sib sau ua ke hauv Rotterdam thiab tau xaiv ib qho thiab tsuas yog ib tus. Thaum nug txog li cas cov luag haujlwm tau faib, Sergei Oreshkin teb tias nws yog "ua haujlwm sib luag, ping-pong, cov txheej txheem muaj tswv yim uas nyuaj rau kev txhais tau," tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias KCAP yog ntau ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog thiab cov phiaj xwm, thiab A. Len feem ntau ua haujlwm nrog tagnrho.
Yog li, daim duab xaj yog ua raws cov ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv: txee, cov lus sib dhos, npog, nplooj ntawv. Li no txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kab thiab ntsug ua hauv lub cev, hloov chaw, thaj chaw, qhov siab sib txawv ntawm 9 txog 26 plag tsev, kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv "nyuaj" nrog softer sawv.
"Cov sib tseb" ntawm cov npoo ntawm txoj kab yog ua ntu thuam, lwm "pawg" nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, qhov twg txoj kev yuav tso. Vim tias cov khoom sib txawv hauv qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov faadesade, qhov feem ntsug tau muab faib ua ob peb nqaim "tagnrho". "Nplooj ntawv" tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub teeb plaster, "cag" thiab "npog" - ntuj pob zeb, cov vuas luaj ceramic, hlau.
Tseem muaj "lub tsho tiv no plua plav" - cov xim ntxig ntxig nrog cov pixel tawg ntawm Boris Kustodiev daim duab "Apple Orchard". Nws yooj yim mus rau hauv naive "pleev xim" ntawm lub ntsej muag, tab sis nws nyuaj rau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov xim thiab cov khoom siv, "lees tias Sergey Oreshkin. Tab sis "Bunin" ib zaug ntxiv tau lees tias cov kev txaus siab rau cov xim tsis muaj qauv, txais tau, tshwj xeeb, rau cov kws ua vaj tse "A. Len" - lawv tau siv cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws hauv RC "Lavxias Avant-garde".
Ua tsaug rau kev nkag mus thiab tawm mus sab nraud, saib ntawm qhov chaw tsis zoo yog qhov tsis nthuav dav dua li cov hulls lawv tus kheej - nqis ntaiv thiab portals zoo saib vim tias muaj nplai, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxiv kev sib raug zoo thiab ua yeeb yam: KCAP, piv txwv li, kos lub lanterns loj loj hauv lawv cov duab kos., uas tuaj yeem nqa cov kev xav mus deb taws teeb rau saum rooj ntawm hauv av, thiab rau cov hneev
Petersburg chav tsev chav nrog thawj lub teeb hluav taws xob.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm stylobate, uas, raws li lub tswvyim, embodies ib "lub rooj". Lub tsev kawm ntawv nqaim heev, cov tsev nyob nws tag nrho qhov dav, tsim txoj saw hlau, tab sis txoj kev kawg yuav sib nrug deb ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub “phab ntsa khov”.
Vim nws txoj kev ua kom zoo nkauj, lub chaw tau txais cov ntu tsis nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ib puag ncig thiab ntau txheej txheej. Txog li 10 xyoo, A. Len tau tsim kho Cov Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Lij Tshaj Tawm: cov chaw lis haujlwm tshwj xeeb kawm txog neeg Lavxias, neeg txawv tebchaws thiab - tshwj xeeb, raws li Sergei Oreshkin - txheej txheej ntawm Soviet, xaiv cov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab kho lawv nrog lub qhov muag rau kev lag luam niaj hnub Cov. Nws hloov tawm voluminous catalog nrog cov txheej txheem zoo ergonomic txheej txheem - muaj txog 1300 kev xaiv, ntawm lawv muaj cov kev sim, zoo li chav Marseille lossis chav sib tshooj ntau, uas tau tsim los ntawm Pawg Neeg Tsim Kho ntawm ntu RSFSR nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Moisei Ginzburg. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv tau lees paub los ntawm qhov tseeb tias feem ntau cov kws tsim tawm kev lag luam muag pom zoo rau cov phiaj xwm tsis pub dhau ob hnub, - tus kws kes duab vajtse hais. Qhov Txheej Xwm Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws yog patented.
Hauv thaj chaw nyob hauv thaj chaw "Bunin" 1438 cov chav tsev raug npaj ua tiav, ntawm cov uas muaj ntau lub ces kaum thiab xaus, ob thiab txawm tias peb-sab. Muaj chav sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv sau "chav ua haujlwm-chav tsev", tsim rau cov neeg npau suav ntawm mus ua haujlwm "hauv khau khiab".
Ntawm lwm yam, kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj rau cov duab "Buninsky", uas, tsis yog tsawg kawg vim qhov peculiarities ntawm qhov chaw, kuj tau tsim los kom nplua nuj. Ib lub nroog chaw ua si yuav tshwm nyob rau sab ntawm Moskovsky Prospekt, uas yuav txhawb nqa cov chaw lag luam ntawm thawj tsev. Cov kws teeb tsa hais txog cov kev xav ntawm qhov chaw no yog "Levitanian": cov ntoo thuv uas twb muaj lawm yuav muab ntxiv nrog cov duab puab thiab kev teeb tsa, khaws cia nws qhov kev paub ntuj. Qab lub complex muaj Kustodievsky vaj uas muaj chaw ua si thiab thaj chaw ntaus pob, ci ntsa iab, muaj zog ntau dua thiab tsis tshua muaj nyiaj. Raws li Sergei Oreshkin, kev txhim kho hauv Voronezh "muab lub taub hau pib rau St. Petersburg, tsis yog vim huab cua, tab sis kuj tseem ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo." Yog li no, cov kws sau ntawv txiav txim siab los ntxiv dag zog rau "thib tsib ntawm lub ntsej muag" ntawm cov chav: nws tau npaj los cog cov nyom ntsuab ntawm lub ru tsev saib ntawm lub qhov rais ntawm cov tuam tsev.
Edward Schürmans hais txog: “Hauv peb lub tswv yim, txhawm rau ua qhov project ntawm qhov chaw nkag mus hauv nroog los ua thaj av, nws yuav tsum daws zoo li cov khaub ncaws ua ke, tab sis tib lub sijhawm ib puag ncig ntawm tus neeg yuav tsum tau tsim ntawm theem kev. Nws yog lub sijhawm nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nplai sib txawv nyob rau tib lub sijhawm - dhau ntawm qhov tshaj tawm ntawm tag nrho txoj kev txhim kho thiab dhau ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm ib lub tsev. Thawj lub tsev ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tau los ua qhov tshwj xeeb. Lawv yuav txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov neeg taug kev ib puag ncig ntawm txoj kev ua lag luam pem hauv ntej, qhov chaw nkag mus hauv cov tsev nyob ua ke. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kev tsim kom muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov vaj tse thiab qhov chaw qhib: yuav ua li cas kev ua lag luam koom ua ke ib qho xwm txheej tshiab los ntawm sab ntawm Moskovsky Prospekt, zoo li lub tshav puam ntawm sab nraud ntawm cov khaub ncaws qhib kom txog rau cov kua orchards”.
Ntawm lwm yam, yav tom ntej, "Bunin" tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov kab ke hauv kev ncig: lub nroog npaj los sib sau thaj chaw ntsuab ntawm ntau txoj kev los ntawm ib txoj hauv kev - arboretum, botanical vaj, lub chaw ua si hauv plawv, chaw hauv ntuj thiab qub chaw. nyob rau Voronezh Dej. ***
Nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias Bunin, cov phau ntawv thiab lub teeb ntsuab yog cov ntsiab lus yooj yim ntawm architecturally, yog tias tsis muaj kev phom sij. Ua haujlwm nrog cov muaj zog, hais lus thiab, kom ncaj ncees, tus qauv ua ntej zoo, koj muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev xav ntau dhau, hais lus ntau dhau thiab "sau ntawv" - txawm li cas los xij, saib qhov project, ib tus tuaj yeem ntseeg tias cov phau ntawv yog phau ntawv, lawv tuaj yeem lees paub yooj yim ntawm txoj kev axonometry ntawm cov khoom siv thoob plaws, tab sis thoob ntiaj teb pab pawg tswj tau ua tiav qib theem ntawm kev dav dav hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog ob daim ntawv thiab lub ntsiab lus. Cov tsev nyob ntawm lub stylobate yog qhov tsis tshua nco qab ntawm cov phau ntawv ntawm lub rooj dua li qhov kev tshawb nrhiav niaj hnub ntawm xya caum, thiab qee qhov chaw lawv pom echoes nrog cov qauv ntawm cov ntau ntawm cov loj, cov yam ntxwv ntawm Dutch architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI, nrog cov lus ntawm cyclopean tiv thaiv thiab kev nyuaj siab, qee zaum hais txog Critomicene keeb kwm ntawm European kab lis kev cai. Yog li, thaj, qhov xwm txheej tau los ua ke, lub ntsiab lus zoo sib luag nrog cov kws kes duab ntawv tus kheej pom ntawm kev ua kom rov ua dua daim ntawv loj, thiab cov duab ntxoo pixel - yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Voronezh pines, lossis ceeb toom ntawm "Dark Alleys" - muab tawm yuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zoo, hauv qhov kev ntsuas paub pom tau tab sis lawv tsis mimetic.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv tsev "keeb kwm", lub npe thiab cov kev xav uas txhais cov keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog, tuaj yeem raug suav hais tias yog kev txhawb nqa rau hom Voronezh, raws li qhov rov hais dua rau nws tus kheej keeb kwm - qhov no tsis yog Chateau de Val ntawm Central Lavxias teb sab Upland, tab sis tus kws sau ntawv zoo thiab hlub, txawm tias thiab raug faus ntawm Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois. Lub tsev muaj npe tom qab Ivan Bunin, tus kws sau ntawv nyob hauv daim duab ntawm "Lavxias tus tswv" uas tau yug ntawm no tab sis tuag hauv Fab Kis, raug tsim nyob rau hauv Voronezh los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias thiab Dutch, tab sis, tsis zoo li tus kws sau ntawv txoj hmoo, kev sib tsoo tsis yog txhua qhov txaus ntshai, vim nws yog qhov tshiab, rov qab sib raug zoo thoob ntiaj teb lub sijhawm thiab tau los ntawm kev tshawb rau qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov haujlwm: keeb kwm keeb kwm dhau los ua qhov qhia rau qhov rov tshwm sim tshiab tshiab cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no.
