Italian tus kws kes duab vajtse thiab tus tsim qauv hauv nroog Vittorio Gregotti tuag thaum Lub Peb Hlis 15 thaum 93 xyoo ntawm nws lub neej los ntawm kev mob ntsws vim mob los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob coronavirus COVID-19. Gregotti thiab nws tus poj niam, Mariana Mazza tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob Milan G Sanepius thaum lub Peb Hlis.
"Ltalis tau ploj mus tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug kws kes duab vajtse xwb, tab sis kuj yog tus kws sau ntawv, tus neeg thuam, tus kws qhia ntawv, tus kws sau ntawv, tus kws tshaj lij, kws tswj hwm, uas tsim lub keeb kwm ntawm peb cov kab lis kev cai. Nws pom hais tias architecture yog qhov pom ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb thiab rau lub neej, "said Stefano Boeri, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Milan Triennial, hais txog Gregotti txoj kev tuag.
Vittorio Gregotti yug nyob rau hauv Novara nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob tebchaws Ltalis xyoo 1927, kawm tiav los ntawm Polytechnic University of Milan xyoo 1952, txawm hais tias xyoo 1947 nws tau tswj hwm hauv Paris nrog Perret cov kwv tij. Lwm tus kws qhia ntawv Gregotti hu ua Ernesto Nathan Rogers, ib tus tsim ntawm BBPR. Txij xyoo 1953 txog 1968 nws tau ua haujlwm koom tes nrog Ludovico Meneghetti thiab Giotto Stoppino, thiab xyoo 1974 nws tsim lub studio Gregotti Associati International. Txuas ntxiv, Gregotti tau qhia txog architecture hauv cov tsev kawm qib siab hauv Venice, Milan thiab Palermo.
Ib tus tsim ntawm lub zog neorationalist hauv architecture, Gregotti ua tib zoo kawm kev paub tsis yog Western European, tab sis kuj yog Soviet avant-garde ntxias. Xyoo 1966, nws tsim qauv nws cov tswv yim sau ntawv hauv chaw sau ntawv "Thaj Av ntawm Architecture".
"Los tawm tsam nrog qhov xwm txheej lossis to taub nws, kom rho tawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov kev sib koom siab, los npaj geometrically lossis rhuav vaj, ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws tawm ntawm nws, tus qauv zoo dua cosmological, lub vaj kaj siab hauv ntiaj teb, qhov zoo rau tib neeg raug txwv tsis pub muaj tsiaj qus, lossis daim iav qhov tseeb thiab kev ua siab zoo nyob hauv ib tug neeg yog kev txhais cov ntsiab lus uas ib txwm pom lawv cov lus qhia meej thiab cov lus teb hauv architecture "(txhais los ntawm Anna Vyazemtseva).
Raws li Gregotti, hauv kev tsim qauv nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob ua lub tsev sib cais, tab sis nyob ntawm txoj kev, thaiv thiab thaj chaw, thaum daim ntawv kos duab tuaj yeem ua ywj siab ntawm txoj haujlwm. Nws tau sau tseg tias tus kws kos duab yuav tsum mob siab rau cov tsev keeb kwm. Phau ntawv dhau mus tsib zaug, qhov nyuam qhuav dhau los xyoo 2014.
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zooming 1/4 Teatro Arcimboldi, Milan. 2002 Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
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zooming 2/4 Teatro Arcimboldi, Milan. 2002 Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
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zooming 3/4 Teatro Arcimboldi, Milan. 2002 Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
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zooming 4/4 Teatro Arcimboldi, Milan. 2002 Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Gregotti thiab nws lub studio muaj ntau tshaj 1.5 txhiab txoj haujlwm kos duab. Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog Kev Ncaws Pob Hluav Taws Xob hauv Barcelona, Luigi Ferraris chaw ntau pob hauv Genoa, kev kho dua tshiab ntawm thaj chaw muaj chaw ntawm Bicocca sab qaum teb ntawm Milan nrog kev tsim kho Arcimboldi Theatre thiab tsev kawm qib siab, kev ua yeeb yam hauv Aix-en-Provence, Belém kab lis kev cai qhov chaw hauv Lisbon, Lub Koom Txoos ntawm San Massimiliano - Lub raj pa hauv Bergamo. Qhov kev sib cav feem ntau ntawm cov phiaj xwm yog qhov ZEN social lub tsev thaiv nyob hauv Palermo, uas tsis tiav thiab tau txais ntau cov lus thuam ntawm ob tus neeg thuam thiab cov neeg nyob ntawm cov tsev.
Gregotti lub studio kuj tau ua ntau yam ntawm cov haujlwm sab hauv, suav nrog cov nkoj nkoj, cov qauv siv duab, piv txwv li, cov ntawv luam tawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Lotus magazine thiab cov phau ntawv los ntawm Electa.
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zooming 1/3 Cov Vaj Tsev Zej Zog hauv Cannaregio hauv Venice. 1981-2001 Daim Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
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zooming 2/3 Cov Vaj Tsev Zej Zog hauv Cannaregio hauv Venice. 1981-2001 Daim Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
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zooming 3/3 Cov Vaj Tsev Zej Zog hauv Cannaregio hauv Venice. 1981-2001 Daim Duab © Dmitry Goncharuk
Nyob rau xyoo 2001, Vittorio Gregotti tau tuaj rau hauv Moscow, qhov chaw nws tau hais lus qhib kev qhuab qhia, thiab ib xyoo tom qab nws tau koom nrog kev sib tw rau kev tsim qauv ntawm ib qho ntawm skyscrapers hauv Moscow City.
Xyoo 1975, Grigotti ua tus saib xyuas Venice Biennale Cov Khoom Siv Proposito del Mulino Stucky nyob hauv lub tiaj nyom loj heev hauv Zatter. Nws tau pom zoo los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm xyoo 1976 Biennale, ntawm cov xwm txheej uas yuav muaj kev sib cais tshwj xeeb ntxiv rau cov khoom siv kos duab. Xyoo 1978, tus tswv yog tus thawj coj ntawm biennial nrog cov lus taw qhia "Utopia thiab qhov teebmeem ntawm kev tawm tsam: kev xav hauv lub tebchaws Ltalis."Txhua yam no ua rau muaj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm biennale pib hloov pauv hauv Venice nrog biennale ntawm kev kos duab tam sim no thiab txij thaum ntawd tau nyiam tsis muaj tsawg. Thawj qhov chaw nyob hauv 1980 nyob rau kev saib xyuas ntawm Grigotti, thiab nws tau ua lub luag haujlwm no dua plaub xyoos tom qab.
Los ntawm 1982 txog rau 1996, Gregotti qhia Casabella, ib phau ntawv xov xwm rau cov kws kes duab vajtse thiab tsim qauv.
“Berlusconi yuav lub tsev tshaj tawm Mondadori, thiab nws tus nai Costa tau ncaws tawm kuv vim kuv tshuav sab laug. Txij thaum ntawd los kuv tau pib sau ntawv,”Gregotti hais. Xyoo 2000, kev ua haujlwm "Hauv kev teeb tsa ntawm Palladio: cov laj thawj thiab kev coj ua ntawm architecture" tau luam tawm, xyoo 2004 - "The architecture of critical realism", hauv 2006 "Autobiography ntawm lub xyoo pua XX". Gregotti phau ntawv tseeb, The Mastery of an Architect, tau luam tawm thaum xaus ntawm 2019.
Gregotti qhov kev ua haujlwm theoretical tseem tsis tau txhais ua lus Lavxias, tshwj tsis yog ntu thib ob ntawm "Thaj Av ntawm Architecture" - "Daim Ntawv Thaj Av". Cov lus txhais tau tsim tawm rau cov ntawv xov xwm "PROJECT thoob ntiaj teb" xyoo 2011 los ntawm tus kws sau keeb kwm ntawm kos duab Anna Vyazemtseva. Vyazemtseva hais tias "Nws yog txoj haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws uas kuv tau ua dhau los, vim tias qhov no kuv to taub tsis yog yam ua tau cov kws lij choj hauv tebchaws Italian tiam tam sim no xav txog, tab sis kuj muaj qhov lawv xav,"
