"Muaj ib lub grain ntawm cov lus tso dag hauv txhua qhov kev tso dag."
Sigmund Freud. "Kev txhais ntawm kev npau suav"
Sib tham txog lub tsev no ntawm cov kws tshaj lij pab pawg ntawm Lub Chaw Sau Ntawv, peb yuav luag tau tawm tsam nrog Totan Kuzembaev. Nws tau hais qee yam zoo li no: Archi.ru yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, koj tsis tuaj yeem xaiv tsa rau lub tsev zoo li no. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tshaj tawm ib yam dab tsi zoo li ntawd - lawv tseem yuav saib thiab txiav txim siab tias koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no, [tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem ua li ntawd] - qhov ntawd yog peb cov kev sim zoo, lub tsev ntawm cov tsev ntoo, ntxig hais. Yog li no, tau kawg, Kuv txiav txim siab pib tshaj tawm cov khoom uas tau teeb tsa hauv xyoo 2020 hauv cov npe luv ntawm ArchiWOOD khoom plig los ntawm lub tsev no hauv Suzdal. Kev tawv ncauj tsis yog nyob rau hauv vain muab thaum yug. Los ntawm txoj kev, cia peb muab ib qho ntxiv me me zais cia: Alexey Rosenberg muaj kuj txhawb qhov "vwm tshaj plaws" ntawm Suzdal lub tsev.
"Dacha Suzdal", raws li cov sau phau ntawv hu nws, FORM lub chaw lis haujlwm, nyob hauv thaj chaw keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog - tsis nyob hauv lub chaw nruab nrab, tab sis nruab nrab ntawm Alexandrovsky thiab Spaso-Evfimiev monasteries, nyob ntawm ntug dej siab ntawm Kamenka River, rov qab lub Pokrovsky Monastery. Ntawd yog, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig zoo thiab nrog panoramas zoo. Muaj ntau lub tsev so hauv Suzdal, kuj tseem nyob ze, tab sis qhov no yog lub tsev ntiav ntawm thaj av ntawm thaj av ntawm 0.3 hectares, ncab raws ntug ntawm lub toj.
Lub keeb kwm ntawm qhov project yog raws li nram no: ib qhov twg tom qab xyoo 2004, lawv pib tsim lub tsev ntawm no hauv "Suzdal" lub tsev pheeb suab: peb lub zos gable facades tau muab tso rau sab ntawm ib sab thiab txuas nrog bulkheads, phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua vaj tse, sab nraud muaj ib txoj kab ntoo. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, qhov no yog ib hom ntawm Suzdal kev tsim kho: txij li xyoo 1970, lub nroog tau muab tso rau nws tus kheej ua lub nroog chaw uas muaj kev lom zem, nto moo tsis yog rau nws cov monuments, tab sis kuj rau nws thaj chaw hauv ntsiag to. Hauv xyoo xya, qhov no yog vim li cas cov neeg nyob hauv ib thaj chaw tau tsim ntawm no nyob sab nraum zoov, los ntawm peb, tsis txawm tias muaj tsib lub tsev siab, thiab txawm tias muaj lub ru tsev nyob nruab nrab, thiab cov thawj coj nrog lub tsev so ntawm Lenin Square tsis tuaj yeem cog ntau dua peb lub tsev. [Los ntawm txoj kev, Kamenka dej kuj raug puas tsuaj los ua kom cov neeg tuaj ncig ua si nrog nws, thiab muaj ntau qhov laj thawj ntseeg tias Vysotsky cov nqe lus: "tab sis tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua luam dej rau peb tseem tsis tau / vim tias peb cov dej yog txhua yam qaub" - hais txog qhov pib no]. Nyob rau nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, ntau lub tsev so thiab cov tsev ntiav tau tau tsim ntawm no, tab sis txhua yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog hom. Suzdal yog lub nroog tshwj xeeb, nws muaj ntau thaj chaw nyab xeeb, kev cai thiab kev pom zoo (saib.
nov thiab no).
Yog li, cov kws ua haujlwm ntawm FORM chaw lis haujlwm ob peb xyoos dhau los tau txais ib lub tsev tsis tiav uas zoo li peb lub tsev nyob hauv lub tsev tau nyob uake. Hauv qab no tau teeb tsa: cov duab peb ceg hauv paus, cov yam ntxwv hauv thaj chaw yav qab teb, lub tiaj tus neeg nyob ntawm ntug dej, lub teeb "yees" ntawm nruab nrab ntawm peb "lub tsev pheeb suab".
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zooming 1/3 Saib ntawm lub tsev hauv Suzdal ua ntej kev tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm FORM
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zooming 2/3 Saib ntawm lub tsev hauv Suzdal thaum pib ntawm kev tsim kho tsev rov qab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 3/3 Saib ntawm lub tsev hauv Suzdal ua ntej kev tsim kho dua tshiab ntawm FORM
Ntawd yog, yog tias peb xaiv cov lus zoo, qhov no tsis yog keeb kwm ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab lossis kho dua tshiab. thawj xav tias lub tsev uas tau muaj sia nyob thiab qee yam ua haujlwm, thiab lub thib ob - lub tuam tsev teev hawm, raug cai lossis tsis raws cai. Ntawm no, theej, peb tab tom hais txog kev ua haujlwm los ntawm qeb "peb tau txais lub tsev tsis tiav, uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau lub siab." Hauv qhov no, feem ntau muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: kev ua tiav kev txuag ntawm tus thawj ib txwm muaj lub tswv yim - lossis kev rov ua tiav txoj hauv kev niaj hnub, nws txhua tus nyob ntawm tus sau cov qauv. FORM chaw lis haujlwm xaiv, txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev thib peb: lawv ua ke "keeb kwm" thiab tiam tam sim no, muaj peb qhov "ntoo" ntim ntawm lub pob zeb qhob - qhov tshij, zoo ib yam li shish kebab.
Txhua yam yog cov pob zeb dawb - laconic thiab tsis tau ua haujlwm, txawm hais tias npog nrog "txheej txheej plaub" nrog rau kev txiav tsis tshua pom zoo thiab cov npoo tiaj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov rais. Cov no yog lub teeb pom kev zoo, qaum nyob ntawm qhov kawg thiab ib qho ntxiv ntawm lub tshav puam ntawm lub tshav puam, qhov twg lub tsev tig ntawm kaum ntawm kaum tsib degrees. Lub twist tau muab rau hauv cov phiaj xwm qub, tej zaum rau qhov tsis pom tseeb ntawm kev coj ua ntuj, rov ua dua txoj kab ntawm tus dej, tab sis tej zaum kuj rau kev pom zoo dua.
Qhov tseeb, tus qauv yog, ntawm chav kawm, ntau cov nyom - tus sau phau ntawv nkag siab nws yog hom kev sib koom tes ntawm peb lub tsev ntoo thiab cov tsev txhim kho uas tsim txoj hlua uas zoo nkaus li zoo li lub pluab ntawm ib lub harmonica, thiab tau them nrog ib qho ru tsev, tawg qauv ntawm uas echoes lub longitudinal thiab transes axes ntawm lub tsev. Sab hauv muaj ob chav loj nyob, txuas ntxiv ntawm chav ob chav, ob peb chav pw thiab txuas taw ntaiv txuas hauv cov plag tsev hauv "nruab nrab" ntawm chaw ua piv txwv, hauv qab ib ntawm ob lub skylights.
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zooming 1/4 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 2/4 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 3/4 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 4/4 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
Thaj chaw tub rog: loj nyob ntawm tus dej, me me nyob tom qab, ntxiv rau ib qho ntxiv visor ntawm kaum tsev tig, - ua los ntawm cov xim hlau dub. Lub chaw nyob deb heev, lawv tuaj yeem rov qab nco qab cov pov tseg-cov hlau ntsa ntawm cov tsev lag luam ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thiab lawv kuj zoo li hom ncej uas tos kom tau sau. Peb tseem nco ntsoov tias lub qhov rai thav duab hauv tsev ntoo yog dawb, thiab hauv chav dej dawb, cov thav ntawv ntoo kuj yog ib qho cim ntawm kev xaib, yuav luag kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob. Thiab txhua yam hauv kev sib piv ntawm cov ncej. Kuv ib zaug tau hnov lub tswv yim los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm caj ceg: "hla kev ntawm genotypes sib txawv yog qhov zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev rau cov tib neeg, tab sis tsis yog tas rau tus tib neeg" - qhov no tsis muaj qhov txhaum rau lub tsev, lub tsev zoo, tab sis muaj xav tias qhov kev txav ze no tau noj ntawm no, ncej qauv.
Cov kws sau ntawv tau qiv tag nrho cov ntoo ntawm Suzdal tus qauv, feem ntau hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ntoo Ntoo, pleev xim nws txij thaum pib mus txog thaum kawg, tsom mus rau cov piv txwv qub (tseem tsis tau tom qab kev ua rog thiab tsis yog Ropet cov), hauv cov chaw "tuav tawm" qhov nthuav dav thiab duab puab. Cov neeg uas tsis xav paub txog keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias carving yuav tsis muaj peev xwm qhia qhov txawv, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb ntawm no peb pom zoo li yog cov menyuam roj hmab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18 nrog Arbamtsev-Talashkino txoj kev npau suav.
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zooming 1/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 2/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 3/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 4/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 5/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 6/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 7/12 Dacha Suzdal © FORM
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zooming 8/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 9/12 Dacha Suzdal Yees Duab © Yuri Palmin / Kev Tso Cai (FORM)
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zooming 10/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 11/12 Dacha Suzdal Yees Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 12/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
Tshwj tsis yog rau ib kem, uas tau coj los ntawm FORM cov kws kes duab vajtse raws li cov lus los ntawm Constantin Brancusi, tus neeg Italian tus kws puab tshaj lij ntawm Hungarian keeb kwm, avant-garde modernist uas tau sim nrog cov neeg lub siab nyiam. Lub kem sawv nyob rau hauv kab ntawm cov hlau txhawb nqa ntawm lub tiaj nyom, hlawv kom dub, uas pom qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo. Nws yuav tsum xav tias nws pabcuam yog hom ntawm qhov dav dav kos npe ntawm txoj hauv kev, zoo li yog nws hais lus rau cov sau phau ntawv hauv nws cov lus geometric: peb tsis tso tawm ntawm avant-garde, tab sis peb kuj xav paub txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Lub laj kab hlau ntawm lub tiaj tus tho sab hauv cov kem, dua ib yam li tus neeg skewer, tig nws mus rau hauv ib hom "pob caus", nqe lus tseem ceeb - kos npe ntawm lub tswv yim tso los ntawm tus sau phau ntawv hauv lub tsev kos duab ib yam khoom. Nws yuav zoo rau Sergei Tchoban saib ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus qub thiab tus tshiab.
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zooming 1/3 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 2/3 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 3/3 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
Tus sau phau ntawv hais txog cov kem li hauv qab no: “Ib feem tsis muaj kawg, ib nrab tsuas yog kab ntawv dai nrog 'peb' cov paj taub. Brancusi tseem kos kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev kos duab pej xeem, rov txhais nws yam tsis tau qiv nyiaj ncaj qha, uas yog qhov zoo nkauj heev thiab ze rau peb. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, peb ib txwm muaj kev pom zoo kho kho architecture nrog kev lom zem thiab ua si me ntsis."
Nyob hauv nruab nrab, raws li cov kws sau ntawv, lawv tau raug coj los ntawm daim duab ntawm tus xibfwb ntawm lub dacha: “lawv cov duab tiag tiag tau tsim los ntawm cov rooj tog zaum motley uas muab los ntawm cov phooj ywg lossis thauj ntawm lub nroog cov tsev. Txhawm rau tau txais txoj kev xav no ntawm randomness los ntawm kos, rooj tog thiab khoom dai tau sau los ntawm ntau hom thiab khw muag khoom vintage, nrog qee cov kev cai ua rau qhov project.
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zooming 1/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 2/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 3/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 4/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / Kev Tso Cai (FORM)
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zooming 5/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 6/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 7/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / Kev Tso Cai (FORM)
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zooming 8/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 9/12 Dacha Suzdal Yees Duab © Yuri Palmin / Kev Tso Cai (FORM)
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zooming 10/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 11/12 Dacha Suzdal Yees Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
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zooming 12/12 Dacha Suzdal Duab © Yuri Palmin / muab los ntawm FORM
Lub tsev nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim phiaj, ntawm sab xis nyob rau sab qab teb muaj lub tsev yav dhau los uas twb muaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev, uas xav tias zoo li tom qab kev ua rog. Ntawm sab laug, nyob rau sab qaum teb kawg ntawm lub xaib, nws tau sib npaug los ntawm lub ntim xim liab ntawm cov qauv tsim qauv, muaj lub chaw nres tsheb me thiab tso rau hauv nws, ua tiav "Melnikov's", yog tias tsis txhob hais "Kuzembaev's" zoo. Nws ua cov ncej niaj hnub thiab sib piv rau lub qub tsev, zoo li nws hais txog tias txhua qhov kev sib kis yog nruab nrab ntawm daj qub thiab liab tshiab (ceeb toom, ntxiv mus, lub tsev loj yog monochrome, sib txuas nrog "ntuj" ntawm cov xim ntoo., xim dub thiab dawb).
Hauv lwm lo lus, cov lus muaj tseeb. Cov kws sau ntawv tau txais hom tsev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov ntau dhau los txhais cov hom tshiab Suzdal - feem ntau Suzdal - mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Lub tsev imitated txoj kev ntawm ib tug qub Lavxias lub nroog: ob pseudo-faj tim teb chaws style, ib "psvedo-lub sij hawm-historicism". FORM, thawj zaug, tau ua tiav ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman connotations, tshem lub qhov rais semicircular, coj cov tsev ze rau Tsev Khaws Khoom Ntoo Lub Tsev Loj. Thiab saturated lawv cov keeb kwm nrog kev sib kis. Nws yog cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj, nrog Brancusi cov lus hais - tej zaum txawm sib.
Ntawm no kuv xav hais ob qho, tej zaum txawm tias peb yam. Ua ntej, Suzdal, zoo li ntau lub nroog Lavxias, nyob rau xyoo 17 - 18, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xyoo pua puv 19, tau tsim tsa, raws li peb paub, hauv plawv nrog cov tsev sib txuas pob zeb thiab ntoo. Pob zeb hauv qab ntoo thiab ntoo saum toj, mob rau sab saum toj hlawv - tuaj yeem kho dua tshiab; ntxiv rau ntoo ntaiv, chav ua haujlwm, tsim kho vaj tse, chav tawm rooj muaj txhua hom. Ntawd yog, yog tias lawv tuaj yeem, tom qab ntawd lawv tau muab ntoo thiab pob zeb sib txuas. Phau ntawv piv txwv yog lub tsev ntawm cov tub luam Likhonin, 500 m deb ntawm nws ntawm no hauv txoj kab ncaj nraim, nws sawv ntawm ntug ntawm tib lub viav vias ntawm dej; zeb ntu dawb thiab ntoo. Thib ob, Suzdal nws tus kheej, nws qhov chaw hauv nroog muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntoo thiab pob zeb: pob zeb monuments thiab cov vaj tse ntoo. Tab sis dab tsi yog muaj, ntawm no tsis ntev los no XIII xyoo pua tau ntxiv dag zog nrog cov ntoo, thiab lub laj kab hlau tau npog los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig - tsis yog cov kws ua vaj tsev soj xyuas ntawm lawv cov pob zeb / ntoo / hlau nyob ntawd? Txawm hais tias, ntawm chav kawm tsis.
Thib peb, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj Intercession Monastery, qhov twg, rov qab rau hauv Soviet lub sijhawm, tom qab phab ntsa dawb dawb, mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj dawb, lub tsev so tau tsim - ntau lub tsev nyob nrog cov shutters txhob txwm - hauv kev sim ua kom zoo nkauj raws nraim li cas cov qub ntoo tsev yog tsis heev nyob rau hauv lub nroog, tab sis laus dua, tab sis me ntsis generalized. Ntawm kuv tus kheej, FORM chaw lis haujlwm hauv tsev feem ntau zoo ib yam li Intercession Monastery, qee txoj kev nws ua nws "daim iav", nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis, ntawm qhov tseeb. Nws yog qhov nyuaj hais tias seb "pluab lub tsho tiv no" yuav tsum tau siv rau ntawm phab ntsa dawb - nws yuav tau saib zoo dua hauv daim tawv dawb; ntawm qhov tod tes, "tsho tiv no plaub" hais txog qhov theatricality thiab frivolity ntawm cov nyhuv tau txais, vim nws zoo li kho kom zoo nkauj, nrog rau cov hlau ntsa ntawm terraces - rau qhov chaw ntawm ib theem qauv. Txawm tias qhov tig ntawm lub ntim zoo li xav tau hint ntawm lub tshuab theatrical lub voj voos. Qhov no tsis yog qhov ua piv txwv ntawm niaj hnub Suzdal, tus neeg ncig tebchaws Lavxias "Venice"?
