Lub tsev nyob rau tom qab thaiv, tsis deb ntawm Yakimanka thiab Igumnov lub tsev uas zwm rau Fab Kis chaw. Nws tau txhim tsa rau txhua sab thiab txwv los ntawm cov tsev nyob sib ze, sib pauv hauv lawv cov tsis dhau hnav ris tsho, niaj hnub liab cib nrog Niaj hnub nimno Art Nouveau ntsib cov vuas ntawm 20 xyoo pua ntxov. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsev tuaj yeem pom tau zoo heev los ntawm Spasonalivkovsky txoj kab - vim tias muaj ib lub tsev me ib-zaj dab neeg, tseem nyob rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, uas tsis tuaj yeem thaiv txhua yam.
Yog li, xyoo 1912, nyob hauv qhov tob ntawm ib qho ntawm lub tshav puam ze ntawm Yakimanka, plaub lub tsev chav ua tau tsim nrog lub qhov rais loj thiab cov phab ntsa ntsug npog nrog cov nplais teeb nruab nrab ntawm lawv, nrog cov chav tsev loj ntawm ob chav tsev thiab nrog ib lub tsev hauv tsev. nruab nrab coj ntxiv mus rau hauv tshav puam. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1932, nws tau txhim tsa ob lub plag tsev, txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kab ntsug ntawm cov ntsej muag zoo dua qub, tab sis nrog kev pab ntawm tsuas yog ib qho plaster. Cov koov tau pw, thiab cov chav sib txuas tau ua rau hauv cov tsev sib nrug. Lub tsev sawv hauv daim ntawv no kom txog xyoo 2002 - tom qab ntawd nws tau rov tsim kho dua.
Thaum rov tsim kho, txhua phab ntsa sab nraud ntawm 1912 lub tsev tau raug tshwj tseg, thiab yuav luag txhua qhov seem uas tsis tshua muaj kev thaib rov qab sab qab teb uas tig mus rau sab kev. Lub ntsiab ntaiv sab hauv tau hloov nrog monolithic reinforced qhob qauv uas sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaiv thiab lub elevator. Yog li ntawd, lub qhov rais bay ntawm sab qab teb façade, uas suav nrog ib feem ntawm cov ntaiv tau raug tshem tawm, hloov nws nrog cov kab ntsug ntawm cov xim stair-iav qhov rais ua rau lub teeb tshiab. Lub façade no tau dhau los ua ntsej muag thiab zoo dua li cov duab. Nco ntsoov tias cov seem ntawm cov faadeade tseem zoo heev rau yav dhau los - txawm tias lub qhov rai thav duab ua tsaus xim av, thiab tsis ci dawb, zoo li feem ntau.
Nyob rau sab nraud, lub tsev, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tau txais ib lub pob zeb tshiab tshiab - ib qhov kev xaiv pob zeb, uas ua rau thaj chaw sab hauv ntawm cov chav tsev sib txawv. Raws li befits ib tug neoplasm, nws muaj xim sib txawv thiab kev ntxhib los mos - lub qub qhov qub ntawm lub tsev yog daj-grey, lub tshiab yog liab-av ci. Nws muaj ntau dua iav - lub qhov rais siab dua thiab dav dua thiab ntxiv, ntxiv rau cov fab ntawm lub ntim tshiab tau nyob hauv kev tsim qauv kev tsim qauv - yog li, cov chav nyob ntawm no tau txais ntau hnub nruab hnub, uas tuaj yeem nyiam sab qaum teb. Nyob rau theem ntawm hauv pem teb thib ob, muaj qhov ci ntsa iab puv semicircular sab saud - los ntawm qhov chaw uas pom qhov chaw ntawm lub tshav puam uas nyob ib sab qhib. Tsiv tawm mus rau hauv lub tshav puam, lub risalit nrhiav kom ntes tau qhov chaw nyob ntxiv me ntsis, ntuav tawm, nrog qhov luv ntawm ib theem, kaw cantilever balconies uas ua kom lub dav hlau rov qab thiab ntxiv ob peb mev ntxiv.
Ntxiv rau kev tsim kho ntawm tus ntaiv, thaum lub sijhawm rov ua dua, ob chav tsev tsim xyoo 1932 tau rhuav - thiab hauv lawv qhov chaw tau tsim tsib tus tshiab, plaub zoo tib yam thiab ib lub nthab. Txhawm rau them rau khoom plig rau lub cim xeeb ntawm kev rhuav tshem ob txheej, hauv qhov chaw uas lub tsev siv los xaus, pob kws muaj txheej txheem - txheej saum toj no, cov nplais teeb rau ntawm cov npoo, muab txoj hauv kev rau plaster.
Hauv qab daus, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov kab puag ncig thiab thim rov qab los ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm lub ntsej muag, me ntsis los ntawm sab qab teb, thiab ntau heev los ntawm sab qaum teb, ua qhov chaw sib sib zog nqus thiab xis nyob ntawm ib sab ntawm lub tshav puam, uas yuav mus rau tus tswv ntawm feem ntau nplua nuj cov chav sab saud. Cov chav tsev ob yuav muaj ob-theem, lawv yuav muaj yim thiab cuaj nthab nthab, pem hauv ntej muaj pem teb thiab pom ntawm lub nroog los ntawm nws - ncaj qha thiab ncaj qha rau Kremlin. Cov tsev seem rov qab mus rau lawv Qhov Art Nouveau qhov ntev, nrog rau qhov sib txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov kev thov. Nws tuaj yeem tuaj yeem hais tias lub tuam tsev chav tsev tau thim rov qab rau hauv ob npaug ntawm nws qhov loj me, txhawm rau los ua ib feem ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab kev tshaj lij.
Lub tsev tiav lawm kom meej meej kev txhim kho kom dav. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm nws cov hom, nws sawv tawm rau nws qhov tsis tshua muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj kev daws teeb meem kev tsim kho kom daws tau qhov teeb meem, uas yog tus cwj pwm tsis sib luag ntawm cov seem ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov tseem ceeb ntawm kev niaj hnub, kev tsim qauv rau nws, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev txwv zoo heev - nws cov neeg sawv cev yog cov ncej ntawm nthab saum nthab thiab cov tswv yim ntawm constructivist architecture - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub kaum qhov rais. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau stylization yog cam-hlau lattices nrog cov qauv geometric ntawm cov kab sib tshuam, ua tiav kev sib txuas ntawm kev yooj yim thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Lawv muab cov npoo ntawm cov terraces sab saud thiab txhua lub qhov rais siab pib txij hauv pem teb, yog li ua ke cov haujlwm muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub ntsiab loj ntawm lub ntsej muag dai kom zoo nkauj. Tus ntaiv tshiab tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau zoo ib yam, uas feem ntau hais txog cov qauv ntawm qhov qub. Cov ntxaij ntoo tshwm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub ntsej muag ntsug iav-iav qhov rai nyob rau sab qab teb faadeade thiab pem hauv ntej ntawm yuav luag txhua lub qhov rais ntawm sab qaum teb, txuas ob-tshooj tsev, qub thiab tshiab, rau hauv tag nrho. Xav txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib tw, kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov cib thiab cov vuas qub, consoles, kaum qhov rais thiab kem nyob rau saum, peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev sib koom ua ke yuav siv qhov chaw ntawm qib ntawm Art Deco style - uas yog ib nrab lub laj thawj, vim tias yog tias koj ntxiv rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX thiab XXI, thiab tom qab ntawd faib ib nrab, tom qab ntawd tej yam zoo li qhov no yuav tig tawm.
