Dystopia Ntawm Lub Tsev Tshawb Fawb, Lossis Ib Txhiab Xyoo Ua Ntej Kev Ua Yeeb Yam

Dystopia Ntawm Lub Tsev Tshawb Fawb, Lossis Ib Txhiab Xyoo Ua Ntej Kev Ua Yeeb Yam
Dystopia Ntawm Lub Tsev Tshawb Fawb, Lossis Ib Txhiab Xyoo Ua Ntej Kev Ua Yeeb Yam

Video: Dystopia Ntawm Lub Tsev Tshawb Fawb, Lossis Ib Txhiab Xyoo Ua Ntej Kev Ua Yeeb Yam

Video: Dystopia Ntawm Lub Tsev Tshawb Fawb, Lossis Ib Txhiab Xyoo Ua Ntej Kev Ua Yeeb Yam
Video: Yeeb yam, Vaj tswv txoj lus qhia tseg_tub ntxhais pawg ntseeg qhov kaj 2024, Plaub Hlis Ntuj
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Xyoo 1970, muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm Moscow Architectural Institute, thiab xyoo 1980, ib qho kev txav uas tau txais lub npe "daim ntawv architecture" nrog lub teeb tes ntawm Yuri Avvakumov vam meej. Tam sim no ntau tau hais txog qhov tseeb tias qhov tseeb nws tsis tau pom qhov txawv los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab lub hom phiaj, es nws yog fad - qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tub txawg tub ntxhais hluas ua tiav nrog kev xav rau qhov laj nyob ntawm vaj huam sib luag vaj tsev kev tsim kho. Cov kws ua haujlwm tsim los nrog cov haujlwm zoo heev, pleev xim rau lawv zoo nkauj, xa lawv mus rau hauv kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb thiab yeej. Nws yog ib feem ntawm kev nraaj, ib feem ntawm architecture, ib feem ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, lossis "conceptual art". Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev tawm dag zog tau faib raws li - ib tus neeg pib tsim, ib tus neeg nyob twj ywm lub sijhawm, ib tug neeg koom nrog kev tsim khoom, kev txhim kho, tshwm sim thiab lwm yam kev kos duab tam sim no. Thiab ib qho ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom rau hauv "kev txav mus los" thiab yeej yog nws cov kws tshawb fawb nto moo tshaj plaws, Yuri Avvakumov, txij ua ke mus ua ke, qee zaum nrog qhov loj dua, qee zaum nrog cov nplai me dua, npaj cov ntawv nthuav qhia ntawm "daim ntawv kos duab", ceeb toom rau cov neeg saib thiab cov koom nrog yav dhau los, thiab tus thuam - ntawm qhov tshwm sim.

Yuri Avvakumov kuj tau koom nrog hauv qhov kev npaj ua yeeb yam no, tab sis tsis tshua yog tus kws saib xyuas, tab sis zoo li tus neeg ntse. Cov ntawv sau nqi uas tam sim no rau cov khoom hauv Paperworks gallery tau tsim tawm, yog tias kuv yuav hais li ntawd, hais txog keeb kwm. Qhov chaw hauv thaum ntxov xyoo 1990, tam sim no tsis paub meej thaum twg - tab sis tom qab ntawd cov kws ua yeeb yam pib ywj siab mus ncig txawv teb chaws, "cov kws ua ntawv" ntawm Novosibirsk Vyacheslav Mizin thiab Viktor Smyshlyaev coj lawv cov haujlwm mus rau lwm qhov kev nthuav qhia - tab sis qee qhov lawv tau hnov qab hauv London nrog ib tus phooj ywg. Muaj lawv tau khaws cia rau qee lub sijhawm, kom txog rau thaum tus neeg paub muab cov ntawv sau me me no rau cov neeg sau nto moo ntawm "ntawv utopias" Yuri Avvakumov. Nrog leej twg xaiv Novosibirsk cov duab kos rau qee lub sijhawm, kom txog rau thaum Avvakumov tau muab nws rau Evgeny Mitte, ib tus neeg tsim ntawm lub Paperworks gallery. Lub chaw tso duab tshwj xeeb hauv cov duab kos, thiab thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2006 nws tau ua ib qho kev ua yeeb yam ntawm peb tus tswv nto moo ntawm Moscow daim duab architecture - Yuri Avvakumov, Alexander Brodsky thiab Mikhail Filippov. Cov chav teeb tsa ntawm Novosibirsk cov duab, uas tau qhib rau lub Kaum Hlis 6, txuas ntxiv lub ntsiab lus thiab cov lus sib dhos tau zoo xav nrog lub npe ntawm cov kab, ua rau ib tus neeg xav tias pib ntawm kev nthuav tawm kev nthuav dav rau "hnab nyiaj" kws kes duab vajtse.

Cov ntawv sau rau ntawm cov zaub rau feem ntau yog ua haujlwm los ntawm Vyacheslav Mizin, tab sis ntawm lawv muaj kuj tseem muaj ob peb nplooj ntawv los ntawm Viktor Smyshlyaev. Ob leeg tau koom nrog hauv Novosibirsk "ntawv" kev txav los ntawm thaum pib, txij li xyoo 1982. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub nroog no yog tib lub nroog, uas nyob hauv nroog Moscow, "ntawv kos duab" tau tsim kho tiag. Nws tau pib me ntsis tom qab Moscow thiab tau koom nrog nws - nws yog twv yuav raug hu nyob rau hauv qee txoj kev, tab sis nws xav paub tias nyob hauv lwm lub nroog nws tsis muaj lub hauv paus. Qhov txoj hmoo ntxiv ntawm Novosibirsk "lub hnab nyiaj" yog qhov zoo ib yam li lawv cov npoj yaig hauv Moscow, nrog qhov sib txawv tsuas yog ntawm lawv muaj ntau cov kws ua yeeb yam tshaj li tsim vaj tsev (tsuas yog ob ntawm lawv, E. Burov thiab V. Kan).

Vyacheslav Mizin nyob rau xyoo 1999, tom qab txaus siab siv sijhawm plaub hnub nyob rau hauv pob zeb ua pob zeb hauv tuam txhab ntawm lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Siberian, dhau los ua ib tus neeg tsim ntawm Blue Noses pawg, tam sim no zoo-paub txog Moscow kos duab scene nrog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg Rabelaisian kev ua yeeb yam. Qhov no ntawm Mizin kev kos duab tau paub zoo rau txhua tus neeg uas txaus siab rau kev kos duab tam sim no - thiab kev nthuav qhia tau mob siab rau lub sijhawm thaum ntxov, kos duab thiab kos duab. Nws zoo nkaus li tau tsim tshwj xeeb los qhia txhua tus neeg nyiam saib yuav ua li cas tsis meej thiab tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Siberian-Moscow tus kws kos duab, lossis nws txawv li cas hauv nws cov hluas.

Tau kawg, nws zoo li lub cim tsis hloov pauv txhua lub sijhawm - tab sis txoj kev thiab cov kev hais tawm, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig tsim, tau hloov ntau heev: yog li lub npe ntawm kev ua yeeb yam "1000 xyoo ua ntej Xiav", npaj rau hais txog qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab niaj hnub no thiab kev ua yeeb yam - thiab "cov ntawv" cov haujlwm uas pom hauv lub rooj sib tham - lawv tsis tshua muaj luag lom zem, tab sis feem ntau muaj kev tu siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj xim dub thiab dawb. Lawv txawv ntawm cov ntawv los ntawm Moscow "lub hnab nyiaj" los ntawm qee qhov kev siab phem, tsom - cov no tsuas yog qee hom curled los ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroog suab puam. Thiab tseem - lawv sib txawv hauv qhov zoo heev ntawm qhov zoo sib xws rau "kev pleev xim tus kheej" ntawm Giorgio De Chirico, uas qhov zoo sib xws yog vim muaj cov neeg tsis muaj, thiab tej zaum los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov qauv kos duab, loj, tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus me me, thiab los ntawm no txaus ntshai tus kheej.

Txawm hais tias qhov kev xav no belongs rau cov qeb ntawm txoj kev xav, thiab Novosibirsk cov kws ua yeeb yam tau muaj kev lom zem txaus thiab ua rau noj su txawm nyob hauv lawv cov hluas. Xav txog, piv txwv li, qhov kev lees paub tias architecture yog kev ua si nawv, los yog txoj haujlwm tsim ntawm San Marco pej thuam hauv daim duab ntawm lub hauv siab npog nrog liab cardinal lub hau (peb tes haujlwm project).

Ib qho ntawm cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawv los ntawm V. Mizin thiab V. Smyshlyaev yog deformation, rhuav tshem ntawm cov ntawv loj. Hauv qhov project "ua yeeb yaj kiab cog lus" rau kev sib tw All-Union, kev sib tw loj ntawm cov xinesmas tau txiav tawm hauv ob, thiab los ntawm nws lub ntim, raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm architecture, ntau yam qauv tsim tau tawm hauv sab hauv - zoo sib xws " rau tus neeg npau suav lossis qee yam zoo sib xws, los ntawm ib lub xinesmas twg. " Hauv "Bastion ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam", txoj haujlwm sib tw rau JA cov ntawv xov xwm, kev tsim tawm tsam qhov kev tawm tsam - yog li cov kab nrig sib txawv me me tawm ntawm cov khoom sib dhos ntawm lub cev ntawm lub tsev, yog li rhuav tshem cov duab ntawm qhov tsis zoo.

Tsis muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj heev los ntawm cov neeg nyiam los ntawm Muscovites - txawm tias Loos cov kem, txhais los ntawm Mizin, hloov mus ua qhov zoo li laconic zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov lighthouse, nrog los ntawm kev ua tib zoo sau lej ua qauv tsis yog siv cov ntawv sau ua lej. Tus sau tsis tsuas yog tsis xav rov qab mus rau classics - ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws muab txhua yam ua tau rau nws, txawm hais tias nws siv art deco prototypes. Cov avant-garde ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam - ua ntej peb, ntawm chav kawm, "kev tsim kho" kev coj ntawm "daim ntawv architecture".

Kev txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv uas sau rau ntawm nplooj ntawv, ob feem ntawm Mizin txoj haujlwm kev tsim vaj tsev yog kev tshawb fawb, uas yog lub laj thawj rau ib tus neeg nyob ntawm qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab nto moo tshaj plaws Soviet lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv kev qhia tawm tswv yim, sau ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm lub rooj sib tham, Yuri Avvakumov, nws tau hais tias tag nrho Novosibirsk Architectural Institute nyob rau xyoo 1980 yog fond ntawm nyeem phau ntawv ntawm cov pioneer ntawm Soviet cosmonautics Yuri Kondratyuk "Tus Kev Txheeb Ze ntawm Interplanetary Qhov chaw. " Cov chaw, nrog rau lub cev thiab cov lej sib cais nrog nws, zoo li tau hloov hneev, cov kab ntawv thiab lwm yam rau Siberian lub hnab nyiaj - tig lawv cov duab los ntawm cov haujlwm zoo heev rau hauv kev ua yeeb yam metaphysical, uas, los ntawm tej lub kaum ntse ntse, tej zaum yuav zoo li zoo li lub npoo sab ntawm Soviet kawm keeb kwm lub nroog. Thiab txawm hais tias Novosibirsk architects tau txais tsawg dua cov nqi sib tw dua Muscovites, yog tias tsis muaj lawv keeb kwm ntawm cov qauv yuav tsis tiav.

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