Vladimir Sedov:
Yuav ua li cas koj txhais koj cov architecture?
Yuri Grigoryan:
Nws tsis yog kws kes duab vajtse ua lag luam los txhais tau. Nws yog rau tus thuam lossis lwm tus saib nws los ntawm sab nraud. Kuv xav hais tias peb tab tom mob siab nrhiav qhov duab nyob hauv qhov architecture niaj hnub no. Cov duab paj lug yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau peb. Peb sim nrhiav kom pom tib neeg qhov tseem ceeb thiab ua qhia tau hauv cov ntawv yooj yim. Nrhiav cov duab no. Yog tias peb tham txog ib lo lus uas txhais tau nws, tom qab ntawd kuv yuav ntawm qhov tsis teb, Kuv tsis paub lo lus no. Kuv muaj ib txoj kev xav (Kuv tsis muaj lawv txhua, tab sis kuv muaj ib qho) hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm daim ntawv dawb huv: daim ntawv foos yog lub xeev siab tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv uas ib tug kws kos duab nrhiav kom ua tiav. Architecture tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm tus tswv ntawm tej xwm txheej - xws li thaj chaw, ua haujlwm, nyiaj txiag, nom tswv, tus kheej, kos duab, thiab lawv nyiam heev. Yog txaus nyiam. Tab sis thaum kawg, lawv txhua tus yuav tsum fused thiab txhais ua hom ua haujlwm. Ua kom tiav qhov kev coj dawb huv ntawm kev hais tawm. Lub random yuav tsum dhau los ua cov tsis-random. Thiab qhov no yog ua los ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse. Thiab tej zaum qhov no yog daim ntawv uas dhau los ua ib feem ntawm keeb kwm ntawm architecture. Txhua yam uas peb saib hauv keeb kwm ntawm architecture - thiab peb, hauv ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw no thiab - yog keeb kwm ntawm cov tswv yim, cov ntawv paub daws teeb, nws tsis yog keeb kwm ntawm cov vaj tse tshwj tseg. Ntawd yog, ntawm chav kawm, tseem muaj keeb kwm ncig xyuas tebchaws ntawm architecture, thaum koj tuaj yeem mus thiab saib ntawm lub tsev puas ntawm Egyptian cov tuam tsev, ntawm qhov seem ntawm Paestum …
Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawd?
Tsis yog, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab qhov dab tsi yog qhov sib txuas ntawm daim ntawv ntshiab thiab toj roob hauv pes. Tom qab tag nrho, ib daim ntawv tshwm nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw thiab hauv kev coj noj coj ua, nyob rau qee lub sijhawm, qee zaum nws muaj txiaj ntsig kom nkag siab los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg nws loj hlob li cas. Tab sis nws muaj peev xwm nyob, nws tau, dhau mus, tsis muaj nws. Hauv nws, nws cov xwm txheej cov khoom siv, sijhawm thiab qhov chaw, tau muab txhais ua kev sib raug zoo. Thiab tsis tas yuav yooj yim. Zoo li DNA uas nkag rau hauv lub cev, txij thaum pib ua tiav. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom nrhiav tau tus qauv ntawm DNA. Thiab tus kws kes duab vajtse yuav tsum pom txhua zaus.
Ntawd yog, koj tab tom nrhiav rau daim ntawv ntshiab ntawm tiam no
Kuv yuav tsis hu qhov no txhais zoo. Lo lus "niaj hnub" hnav tawm nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, hauv peb qhov kev muaj tiag los tawm tsam qhov kev hloov kho niaj hnub thiab kev tawm tsam yog qhov txaus ntshai heev … Qhov no tseem tsis yog kab lis kev cai, hauv qhov no muaj kev tshaj tawm-kev lag luam tus cwj pwm. Tsis yog, hauv cov ntsiab lus no, niaj hnub tsis niaj hnub, kuv nyiam tsis xav yog vim li cas. Rau kuv, tsis muaj kev sib faib, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, yog tias ib tug xav tias tawm tsam yav dhau los thiab tam sim no lub hnub, ces txhua yam uas tau ua tam sim no yuav yeej phem dua li yav dhau los, thiab yog li ntawd nws zoo li tsis muaj qab hau los sim. Qhov no tsis yog kev txhawb zog. Tab sis qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws yog ib qho, keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub yog qee yam ntawm tib qho, uas twb muaj lawm hauv tib qho txheej txheem kev sib koom tes. Thiab, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, nws muaj siab. Sij hawm lawm os.
Thiab ua li cas qhov no tiav?
Zoo, muaj cov tswv yim, txhua tus yog tus kheej. Lawv tseem ua tib zoo xav, kuj muaj lwm qhov, yuav luag tshawb fawb. Nws nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm lub hlwb, kuv twv. Kuv nco txog Salvador Dali, uas muaj phau ntawv hu ua "50 Lub Tswv Yim rau Pib Tus Ua Yeeb Yam". Kev ua haujlwm ci ntsa iab, sau nrog lub siab ntawm kev lom zem, nrog txoj kev chim ntawm qhov kev xav hauv nws, tab sis muaj txheej txheej uas piav qhia meej txog cov qauv. Muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais txog kev npau suav nrog tus yuam sij hauv txhais tes: ua ntej pleev duab, koj yuav tsum zaum hauv lub rooj ntoo Spanish, tuav tus yuam sij lub qhov rooj hauv koj sab tes xis, thiab muab sau sau rau hauv, thiab yuav tsum canvas pem lub taub hau koj. Thiab lub sijhawm koj tsaug zog hauv lub rooj zaum no, sim xav txog daim duab no, tus yuam sij yuav poob tawm, sau ntawv yuav tawg, koj yuav sawv, thiab tam sim no koj yuav tsum pib pleev duab daim duab. Qhov no yog qhov rov txhais ntawm daim phiaj ntawm Vigil ntawm Alexander The Great. Tab sis qhov no yog nws txheej txheem. Kuv tsis siv qhov no. Qhov no tsis yog kuv kos duab. Tsis muaj ib qho tsis txaus ntseeg, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nrog daim ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm. Tab sis qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog qhov lav. Qee lub sij hawm koj tau txais kev daws teeb meem uas tsis xav txog uas tshwm sim thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lwm yam. Nyob ntawd, peb hais, txhua yam yuav mus nyuaj, thiab mam li nco dheev kev daws teeb meem rau lwm qhov yog yug - yooj yim, dawb huv, sai sai. Daim ntawv tsis tau sau no tseem muaj txiaj ntsig dua. Tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum niaj hnub sim nkag siab txog sab hauv koj tus kheej - koj ua dab tsi? Thaum kuv pib qhuab qhia, ib xyoos lossis ib nrab xyoo dhau los, nws tau tig los pab ntau yam rau kuv. Kuv pib qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm yam yooj yim (raws li nws tau muab tawm, lawv muaj kev tshaib plab ntaub ntawv), tshwj xeeb, kuv tau qhia lawv yuav ua li cas ua cov haujlwm, raws li nws zoo li rau kuv, tus txheej txheem. Thiab yog li kuv tau hais thiab hais, sau nws ntawm daim ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj rau hauv lub chaw haujlwm thiab pom tias peb twb tau pib hla dhau qee yam hauv kev ceev ntawm peb lub neej, tab sis peb yuav tsum tau ua nws qeeb dua, nrog txhua theem Cov.
Nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas yog qhov kev npaj hauv nroog ntawm daim qauv thav duab sab nraud rau koj?
Lub nroog yog kev ntsuas, qhov loj me ntawm daim foos. Puas yog lub tsev tshiab ua suab nrov, puas yog nws yuav tsum them tus nqi, lossis nws tsis yuav? Tom qab tag nrho, muaj qhov xwm txheej uas muaj ntau, ntau lub tsev zoo tib yam, thiab koj yuav tsum ua ib qho, thiab qhov tseem ceeb zoo ib yam. Ua yeeb yam, piv txwv. Nws yuav tsum, nws nyuam qhuav muaj cai hais ntau dua li "neeg zej zog". Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem kos ib qho kev sib piv nrog cov suab paj nruag: ib lub nroog, lub quarter yog ib hom ntawv ntawm cov suab paj nruas uas muaj kev sib haum xeeb sab hauv, cov ntawv nyeem uas tuaj yeem nyeem thiab uas ib yam dab tsi tuaj yeem raug ntxiv rau hauv qhov kev sib raug zoo.
Koj txawm li cas los ze zog rau tus qauv meej ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse, koj txav mus rau txheej txheem, ib kauj ruam zuj zus, kuaj xyuas qhov khoom raug thiab tsim nyog ntawm txhua kauj ruam
Tsis yog, koj tsis tuaj yeem hais tias ib yam nkaus. Tus qauv meej pem yog tom qab, nws tseem ceeb tom qab qhov tseeb. Kuv tau txav los ntawm cov theem, txhais tau hais tias kuv tab tom daws teeb meem ntawm kev sib npaug. Tab sis qhov tseeb, tsis muaj, tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li ntawd. Txhua yam tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm, thiab txhua lub sijhawm zoo li koj tau plam qee yam. Thiab tom qab ntawd daim foos tshwm sim, thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi koj plam. Yog hais tias tshwm.
Rau kuv, Kuv muaj kuv tus kheej ua qauv: koj yuav tsum xub to taub qhov tswv yim, tswvyim yog dab tsi. Nrog rau lub tswvyim ntawm seb puas los yog tsis tsim txhua. Coob tus neeg ntseeg tias tus kws kes duab vajtse yog Kalashnikov phom tua, muab ib txoj haujlwm rau nws thiab nws yuav tua. Koj tsuas yog xav tau nqa cov laub ntawv ntau - thiab yuav muaj skyscraper, chaw nyob lub caij ntuj sov, chaw ua haujlwm. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem xav - thiab tsis kam. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab qhov tus neeg (cov qhua tuaj noj mov) xav ua, thiab qhov koj xav ua. Thiab lub tsev no yuav tsis ua teeb meem ntau. Peb tau muaj cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Tom qab tag nrho, peb tsis kam lees rhuav tshem cov vaj tse qub txhua lub sijhawm, peb tsis tas xav txog qhov xwm txheej nrog kev rhuav tshem cov mlom thiab qhov hloov pauv nrog kev rov ua dua. Tam sim no peb tab tom sim los yaum tib neeg kom khaws lawv lub tsev qub.
Kev koom tes hauv kev tsim ua lag luam tam sim no (qhov no yog txoj kev txhim kho architecture, thaum tus naj npawb ntawm cov square metres yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb) kuj tsis nyiam peb txhua lub sijhawm. Tib neeg nplai yog qhov tseem ceeb, tsis yog "hnav khaub ncaws" ntawm cov square meters hauv daim ntawv kos duab. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis txhais tau tias peb tsis ua cov haujlwm nrog ntau meters. Tab sis yog tias tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm architecture yog kev nqis peev tsis muaj dab tsi, qee yam xws li kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj loj, tom qab no qhov no tsis txhua qhov nthuav.
Yog li, coj mus los yog tsis coj mus rau ib qhov project yog thawj qhov. Qhov thib ob yog xav txog qhov nws yuav tsum yog thiab vim li cas. Yuav tsum muaj ib qho program, ib qho yuav tsum xav txog lub neej zoo li cas yuav tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw no. Cov tub txawg tseem txhim kho tib neeg lub neej. Nws yog qhov tseeb, qhov kev kawm ntawm kev sib xyaw.
Lub neej uas tseem tsis tau muaj, uas yuav nyob hauv qhov chaw no tom qab, thaum koj lub tsev raug tsim tsa?
Yog lawm. Yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm pabcuam, nthuav, uas txhawb nqa tib neeg lub neej. Lub neej ntawm daim duab. Nws tsis tas yuav yog tus npub ua. Txwv tsis pub, koj tuaj yeem tsav koj tus kheej mus rau hauv kaum tsev. Thiab qhov no yog, qhov tseeb, ib nqe lus nug uas architecture yuav tsum tau teb. Tom qab lo lus nug ncaj qha rau koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum teb. Xav tias koj muaj txhua yam ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau. Muaj ib lub ntsiab lus txhais ntawd - organic daim ntawv. Nws tuaj yeem nkag siab hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab no - lub cev, thaum nws nyob, tej zaum yuav tsis paub txoj cai uas nws nyob, zoo li nyom, tab sis nws coj zoo li nws ua. Daim foos yuav tsum paub meej txog txhua yam. Nws paub txog qhov kev ua haujlwm, hais txog pob nyiaj siv nyiaj (hais txog tej yam uas tu siab), paub txog tus neeg muaj peev xwm, txog nws qhov kev nkag siab ntawm thaj chaw, sab hauv thiab sab nraud, hais txog nws qhov kev ntshai, tsis paub meej. Nws paub txog keeb kwm ntawm architecture, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob sab nraud nws. Thiab txawm tsis kam lees paub txog keeb kwm ntawm architecture, nws, daim ntawv no, tseem nyob hauv qee yam keeb kwm me. Nws nqus tag nrho cov no rau hauv nws tus kheej, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no muaj nyob hauv nws cov DNA. Daim foos, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog, ciam teb ntawm yam tsim nyog, yog li tsis muaj ntxiv thiab tsis muaj tsawg yog tsim nyog.
Rau kuv nws muaj ib qho kev ntsuas: yog tias koj ua tiav ib yam dab tsi, txawm tias muaj xwm txheej, tom qab qee qhov koj paub tias nws tsis yog koj leej twg tau ua. Thiab qhov ua tiav tau txais txoj cai kom muaj kev ywj pheej. Nws muaj peev xwm twb muab rau neeg, nws twb kho. Muaj ib lub siab xav txog qhov kev ywj pheej tiag tiag. Tab sis yog tias qhov nov ntawm nqaij tawv tsis nyob hauv, thiab tseem muaj ntau qhov kev xav hauv kuv lub taub hau, qhov no ua rau ib tus neeg xav tias daim ntawv ntshiab tseem tsis ua haujlwm.
Yuav ua li cas ib qho tseem ceeb yog Niaj hnub nimno Western architecture rau koj?
Kuv saib dab tsi txhom tau kuv lub qhov muag. Thaum koj pom lwm tus daim foos, thiab thaum koj paub tias lo lus nug twg nws yuav tsum teb, yog li nws txaus siab los thuam nws. Nrog rau kev tsim kho Western Western niaj hnub, vim tias pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim thiab nyeem lub phiaj xwm, Kuv "rov ua dua" thiab nkag siab qhov twg qhov kev ua si ntawm chess no pib: vim li cas thiaj ua tiav, tib neeg cov xeeb ceem tau coj los ua lub hauv paus.
Tab sis koj tsis muaj lub siab xav sim qee qhov kev dag koj pom muaj?
Saib mus rau kev xyaum yog qhov zoo dua tsis saib txhua. Zoo, koj paub, muaj qhov sib txawv architecture tshwm sim los ntawm cov xwm txheej sib txawv, nrog cov kev sib txawv, kev sib raug zoo, thaj chaw zoo nkauj. Muaj ib qho Brazilian nrog nws tseem ceeb, muaj tus neeg Asmeskas, muaj ntau lub tsev kawm European. Thiab Lavxias - yuav tsum yog. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kos duab, rub tawm ntawm qhov chaw, nraus ntawm kev ua lag luam - nws tseem me me, nkaum ib qho twg, tam sim no raug rho tawm los ntawm kev nyiam ua lag luam. Tab sis qhov tseeb tias nws yuav yog, rau kuv yog qhov tseeb. Thiab thaum twg qhov ntawd tshwm sim, cov lus nug txog nws lub xeev lossis kev yws yuav ploj mus.
Txoj kev tua ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no nyob qhov twg? Puas muaj cov kws ua vaj tse uas koj tuaj yeem hu ua cov neeg zoo li lub siab xav?
Yooj yim heev: Alexander Brodsky, Sergey Skuratov, Vladimir Plotkin, Alexey Kozyr, thiab ob peb daim duab ntxiv. Lawv txhua tus sib txawv, lawv tsis yog cov neeg zoo li lub siab xav, tab sis cov ntawv sau hnub qub, lawv tsis tsim ib tog kev lossis txoj kev coj, tab sis txhua tus los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Thiab ua ntej? Puas muaj kev sib txuas nrog yav dhau los, lossis puas tau tsim dua lub tsev kawm ntawv Moscow tshiab no tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv?
Zoo, koj yog dab tsi, peb lub chaw lis haujlwm yog txawm tias qee qhov raug txhom hauv Soviet architecture ntawm xyoo xya, hauv qab nws txoj kev muaj zog, nyob hauv qab ntxim nyiam ntawm xya caum monumentality. Raws li koj paub, Sasha Pavlova, tus ntxhais ntawm Leonid Pavlov, ua haujlwm hauv bureau, thiab qhov no tseem txuas rau peb nrog lub sijhawm no. Qhov no tsis yog lus nug ntawm lub tsev kawm, tab sis peb xav tias txuas ntxiv.
Kuv yuav txawm li cas los rov qab rau lo lus nug sab hnub poob. Ntawm no peb pom Lavxias teb sab architecture - nrog cov teeb ntawm cov cim, kev xav thiab cov qauv. Thiab nws muaj hnub poob. Puas muaj kev phom sij uas Western hnub qub yuav rhuav tshem tsim vaj tse tshiab hauv tebchaws Russia?
Ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Western cov kws kes duab vajtse. Lawv tau teeb tsa, thiab peb feem ntau tsis muaj lub koom haum no, lawv ua lag luam kev teeb tsa. Qhov no muaj qee yam kom zoo dua. Tab sis los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tsim kho vaj tse, qhov no yog qhov ib txwm thiab zoo, muaj kev sib tham, muaj kev ua haujlwm, txawm tias nyuaj, tab sis meej sib tham ntawm cov chaw hauv zos thiab txawv teb, cov neeg nyob hauv thiab tsis nyob hauv. Thiab tsis muaj ib yam tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog qhov ntawd, nws ua rau kev sib tw, uas txhais tau tias nws ua rau txoj kev xav.
Puas muaj cov duab muaj tswv yim hauv Western architecture uas nyob ze koj?
Muaj ib qho zoo nkauj nthuav dav uas kuv saib txhua lub sijhawm: Zumthor, Stephen Hall, cov neeg uas pib kev xyaum lig, uas muaj qee yam hais, uas tsis ntshai yuav zoo li tsis nyuaj thiab tsis yooj yim, lawv ib txwm sim nrhiav cov lus qhia meej. Lub tsev kawm no, kuv xav hais tias, yog professorial, hauv qhov siab, raug.
Kuv nyiam lo lus "xibfwb". Qhov no zoo ib yam li cov kev teeb tsa uas koj tau tham txog - kauj ruam ib kauj ruam zuj zus. Tsis zoo li Dali koj tau hais, kev pom ntawm ciam teb ntawm kev pw tsaug zog thiab kev muaj tiag, tab sis nqe lus xav xav zoo, ntsiag to
Huag tsis. Kuv nyiam thiab txaus siab rau ib tug kws tshaj lij ntau yam xws li Frank Gehry. Nws lub tsev txhab nyiaj façade tig xub pwg Brandenburg hauv Berlin yog qhov kuv nyiam tshaj. Muaj ntau tsav ntawm no, thiab kuv yuav hais tias kuv txaus siab rau qhov muab zais, sab hauv tsav hauv architecture. Thiab thaum kuv tham txog professorial architecture, Kuv tsis nyiam calm kev kawm ntawm txhua. Tsis yog, cov neeg uas kuv hais txog no, lawv tau nrog tsav tsheb. Lawv tsuav yog lawv txawj xwb.
Peb paub txog ob hom cwj pwm ntawm Lavxias cov kws ua yeeb yam rau cov kws kes duab sab hnub poob. Ib qho - tsis muaj xwm txheej, kev pom ntawm Bazhenov, uas kawm nyob hauv Fabkis thiab Ltalis thiab tag nrho nws lub neej nco qab txhua yam uas zoo nkauj nyob ntawd thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm kawm. Qhov thib ob, hais, Shekhtel, uas kawm ib qhov twg, pom qee yam, tab sis ua neej nyob yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas nrog lwm tus neeg lub architecture txhua. Koj pom qhov xwm txheej tam sim no li cas?
Architecture yuav tsum tsis txhob yug los ntawm sab nraud architecture, nws yuav tsum tau yug los ntawm "ntawm no thiab tam sim no". Nws yuav tsum tsis zoo ib yam li lub qub architecture lossis ib hom ntawv roj ntsha, nws tus kheej yog qhov kev tawm tshiab uas tau yug ntawm no. Qhov tsim nyog, qhov no yog qhov txawv txav yam tshwm sim, qhov no yog li cas cov ntawv tshiab tau yug los. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, kev yoog. Muaj cov cawv: los ntawm cov xib fwb, cov ntawv xov xwm, Is Taws Nem, ncig teb chaws. Tab sis ntawm no yog cov lus nug ntawm dab tsi yuav tsum kawm. Hauv txhua yam - hauv tsev kawm ntawv, hauv kev cuam tshuam - saib lwm yam, koj yuav tsum kawm kom nkag siab txog lawv cov organic zoo, thiab tsis txhob hais thiab rho tawm cov ntawv sau. Koj tsis tas yuav ua qhov kev sib tham ua ke nrog qhov koj pom, koj yuav tsum coj qhov kev sib tham tseem ceeb nrog nws. Kuv nyob txhua qhov chaw thiab ib txwm muaj kev zoo siab hauv cov laj thawj zoo: hauv ntiaj teb, yav dhau los, hauv Moscow, nrog kuv cov phooj ywg. Tab sis cov tuam tsev zoo no, txawm li cas los xij, muaj tsawg tsawg tus. Thiab thaum koj xav txog nws, koj paub tias koj lub ntsej muag yuav ntsib teeb meem, zoo li txhua tus kws ua vaj tsev hauv ntiaj teb: koj muaj lub peev xwm, tib lub xaum, tib lub hlwb, tab sis ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab tsis muaj kev npaj daws teeb meem. Cov. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias koj qhov peev nyiaj loj los yog me. Tom qab tag nrho, los ua kev tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li lub skyscraper - yog tias tsuas yog vim tib neeg qhov ntsuas ntawm los. Yog li no, kuv xav tias txhua qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog rau Sab Hnub Poob yuav tsum dhau los ua kev qog zoo.
Qhia rau kuv, muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo li cas ntawm kev sib txuam ntawm architecture rau koj?
Koj paub, Leonid Pavlov tau hais tias architecture yog qhov zoo rau kev ua qhev lossis hauv cov neeg kaw neeg. Qhov Norman Foster tab tom tsim lub tsev tam sim no feem ntau vim nws kev koom tes nrog cov teb chaws tsim kho, nrog kev tswj hwm nom tswv lub zog. Qhov no yog qhov nws tabtom siv rau hauv Moscow, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau txhua qhov hauv lub ntiaj teb, nws tau raug thuam rau nws, tab sis nws tau tuaj ntawm txoj haujlwm no, vim tias Moscow yog Olympus ntawm kev txiav txim ntau. Nws yog qhov zoo rau xav zoo li koj nyob ntawm Olympus.
Tab sis tiag kev hais lus, hauv qhov no, Kuv suav qhov xwm txheej tam sim no uas yog kev puas tsuaj loj. Tam sim no qhov xwm txheej yog qhov no: cov neeg tsis muaj nyiaj, yog li lawv tsim rau cov peev txheej. Qhov tseeb, nyiaj tau yog txoj hauv kev los nrhiav ntawm tib neeg: lawv pom lawv lub neej, thaj chaw no li cas? Tab sis rau ib tus neeg raws li tus peev nyiaj txiag, cov lus teb yog qhov qub heev - nws pom ob qho tib si hauv lub neej thiab thaj chaw yog qhov txhais tau tias kev nce nyiaj, rau qhov no nws tau nqis peev rau kev tsim kho. Thiab nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom nug ib tus neeg raws li tus neeg nyob hauv, nws tsis muaj nyiaj. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, yog tias koj nug ib tus neeg tam sim no yog tias nws xav nyob hauv ntau lub tsev ntawm ntau lub tsev thib nees nkaum nrog lub sam thiaj thiab chav dej, nws yuav teb: Kuv xav tau. Tab sis nws tsis paub lwm yam. Tom qab tag nrho, yuav muaj cov zos zais hauv hav zoov, nrog txoj kev zoo, nrog cov chaw kho mob zoo, tej zaum yuav muaj chaw nyob qis qis. Cov neeg tsis txawm paub tias lawv tuaj yeem npaj kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb lossis tsim ib thaj chaw zoo tagnrho: yuav ua li cas lawv xav nyob ntawm no.
Qhov no tsis muaj cov suab lus "kev coj noj coj ua" ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov. Tsawg tus neeg paub tias yuav ua li cas nrog Moscow ua ib puag ncig rau lub neej. Muaj txoj siv sia ntawm kev lag luam nrog Lub Nplhaib Peb, ib qho nroj tsuag tom qab lwm tus raug rhuav tshem, cov tsev nyob (ze Kutuzovsky Avenue) lossis chaw haujlwm (ze Volgogradsky Avenue) raug tsim. Kev lag luam yog nyob rau qhov rov ua tib tus txheej txheem ntau zaus - txoj kev no muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg. Tab sis architecturally nws txhais tau hais tias tautology. Qhov chaw no zoo rau cov tsev nyob, vaj tsev tau muag zoo nyob ntawm no, peb tau siv nws, thiab peb yuav muag tsev nyob ntawm no dua. Thiab qhov chaw no tsis zoo, kev lag luam, tsis haum rau lub neej, thiab peb yuav ua rau nws tsis zoo. Tsis muaj leej twg koom nrog hauv kev kho kom rov zoo ntawm thaj chaw uas yog kev ua liaj ua teb. Thiab tsis muaj leej twg zoo siab, txhua tus tsis zoo siab. Tu siab kawg. Nws tseem yuav xyuas cov ntawv ntshiab.
