Hmoov tsis zoo, lub tsev tsim qauv ntawm yav dhau los tam sim no tseem poob ntawm kev paub, nws tsis muaj kev kawm ntau yam, kev thuam kev kos duab, thiab tshuaj ntsuam lub tsev kawm. Hauv lub siab ntawm tus neeg sau, "architecture" xaus nrog qhov pib ntawm xyoo 1960, qhov pib ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub tsev tsis muaj vaj tsev tsim kev lag luam. Qhov txoj hmoo ntawm txojsia ntawm ob xyoo caum tom ntej no tseem tu siab - nws cov duab archetypal - pawg neeg hauv cheeb tsam Brezhnev, cov khoom hnyav thiab tho txawv, grey, vaj tse tsis zoo.
Lub tswv yim tsim txom ntawm Ilya Chernyavsky tuaj yeem ncaj qha rau lub sijhawm no nyuaj rau txoj haujlwm, lub sijhawm ntawm Khrushchev's "primitivization" thiab kev tawm tsam "tshaj", kho kom zoo nkauj, muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab lwm yam, thaum txhua qhov kev xav ntawm kos duab qee zaum ntxuav tawm ntawm architecture. Hauv nws cov hluas, Chernyavsky yuav tsum tau tawm tsam ntawm xub ntiag, lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub peev xwm kev paub tab - hauv kev tshaj lij txoj haujlwm, rau txoj cai muaj tswv yim zoo nkauj, rau tus kheej lub ntsej muag ntawm cov qauv tsim.
Ib phau ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm Ilya Chernyavsky khaws cia hauv MUAR. Raws li tus sau ntawm monograph, Victoria Krylova, ntau tus kws kes duab vajtse qub tau ploj, qhov tshwj xeeb, cov hluav ncaig loj thiab cov pastel kos duab tau yuav luag ploj mus. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, yuav luag txhua yam uas tau pom tau suav nrog cov ntawv teev lus tam sim no, thiab qee qhov kev kos duab qub tuaj yeem pom nyob ntawm mini-exhibition ua ntej qhov kev nthuav dav loj uas xav pom tom ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg tom Zodchestvo. Lub tswv yim ntawm phau ntawv hais txog Chernyavsky belongs rau tus kws kos duab nrov nto moo Andrei Gozak, uas npaj los tshaj tawm nws nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm 90 hnub tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse yug. Nws tau txais nyiaj txiag los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov loj hauv Moscow tus kws ua vaj tsev - Dmitry Bush, Yuri Grigoryan, Sergei Skuratov, Boris Levyant, Mikhail Khazanov. Txog rau hnub tim, txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog 500 daim ntawv luam tawm, tab sis ib qho ntxiv pob yuav tsum los ntawm Tatlin lub tsev tshaj tawm rau lub caij nplooj zeeg kev ua yeeb yam.
Raws li nws tau tig los ntawm kev nthuav qhia, ntau tus kws kes duab vajtse uas tuaj yog Chernyavsky cov npoj yaig thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tau ua tiav nws lub tsev kawm ntawv, niaj hnub no ntau tus neeg tau hais khov kho xav txog lawv tus kheej nws cov tub ntxhais kawm, ntawm lawv, piv txwv li Viktor Logvinov thiab Boris Shabunin. Cov neeg uas tau paub nrog Chernyavsky nco txog nws raws li ib tug kws kes duab vajtse ntawm cov muaj zog incredibly yuav. Nws yog neeg tawv ncauj thiab xav tau ntawm nws tus kheej, thiab tib lub sijhawm kuj ceeb tias ntse thiab txawm tias maj. Vim tias nws muaj tswv yim zoo, nws feem ntau mloog cov lus tau hais rau nws, tab sis qhov no tsuas ua rau nws nquag. Piv txwv li, raws li kev nco ntawm nws cov npoj yaig, lub sijhawm thaum tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi xav txog qhov zoo nkauj, nws tau mus rau Gzhel ntau zaus, luam cov ntawv kos duab dai ntawm cov tais, thiab tom qab ntawd "kos" tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no hauv nws txoj haujlwm.
Ilya Chernyavsky pib ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub studio ntawm Lev Rudnev, yog ib tus muaj tswv yim neoclassicists - uas tej zaum cuam tshuam nws cov ntsiab cai muaj tswv yim: txawm nyob hauv lub caij nyoog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thoob ntiaj teb, nws yeej tsis quav ntsej cov duab kos duab. Hauv Chernyavsky kev txhais lus, modernism poob nws txoj kev ua tsis taus thiab nrhiav kev nthuav qhia ntxiv, los ntawm functionalist pob tshab ntawm cov phiaj xwm nws hloov mus rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws lub tsev ua yeeb yam zoo li lub teeb thiab pub dawb - nws txawm tias txawv los hnov txhua lub sijhawm nws yug los nyuaj. Raws li kev nco ntawm nws lub sijhawm, Chernyavsky "duab puab" nws cov vaj tse yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntawv scraps - xws li cov duab kos ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj-phaj hauv Adler, nthuav tawm ntawm lub rooj nthuav qhia - thiab tom qab ntawd siv sijhawm ntev los coj lawv mus rau lub siab.
Nws cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws tau tsim hauv thaj teb ntawm kev tsim kho chaw so: tsev so, tsev so, tsev so tawm chaw, thiab lwm yam hauv xyoo xya, hom no yog hom tawm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob kev tsim vaj tsev. Cov kab lis kev cai ntawm kev ua si hauv Soviet feem ntau yog qhov xav paub thiab keeb kwm qub, keeb kwm ntawm uas rov qab mus rau xyoo 1920 nrog lawv cov tswv yim zoo ntawm cov kev ntsuas uas ua tib zoo ntsuas, muaj txiaj ntsig thiab yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tseg tau nyiaj ntawm tus so ntawm Soviet neeg, rau ib tus neeg ua haujlwm - tsuas yog txhua qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yog tias tus neeg pioneer mus pw hav zoov - tom qab ntawd zoo li hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Zoo Siab lossis Tsis Muaj Kev Tso Cai", yog tias lub chaw so dej - yog li semblance ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub vaj kaj siab. Ntawm no yog cov kev lag luam dav dav thiab kev ntaus nqi hauv qee txoj kev tawm tswv yim rau lub tswv yim zoo ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem no thaum nws tuaj rau "tsekov" tsev so.
Lub tsev nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Chernyavsky - lub chaw tsim kho lub tsev hauv Voronovo - tau tsim los ua tus ntsuj plig zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau xyoo 1960, xws li cov menyuam yaus Theatre Sats lossis Palace ntawm Pioneers ntawm Sparrow Hills hauv Moscow. Qhov phiaj xwm tau yog nyob ntawm qhov system ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke, cov ntaub ntawv tau txawv thiab nthuav qhia.
Raws li tau hnov thaum yav tsaus ntuj, cov qauv ntawm Ilya Chernyavsky's architecture tuaj yeem hais tawm hauv cov duab kos me me ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse (uas Viktor Logvinov pom nyob hauv nws cov ntawv qub). Hauv plawv muaj ob (yuav luag Masonic) daim duab peb sab - lub cim ntawm kev tsim, nrog ob tog "kev sib sau" - "synthesis" - "architecture", los ntawm cov duab hluav taws xob uas ua rau nws nce - "kev khwv nyiaj txiag", "technology", " ib puag ncig "," yas "," Tshav "," teeb "," xim "," tectonics "," feem "," nplai "," sijhawm "," chaw "," kev ntxhib los mos "," rhythms "," txav " Cov.
Lub Circuit Court zoo li lub hnub thiab zoo li zoo meej heev; ib qho tuaj yeem xav hauv nws txoj kev xav nrhiav qhov tseeb thoob ntiaj teb - mis, lossis ib yam dab tsi. Txhawm rau ntxiv tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos duab kos duab los ua ib yam dab tsi muaj peev xwm, xws li uas yuav muab cov lus teb rau txhua cov lus nug - zoo, lossis tsawg kawg, pub tsawg kawg ib kauj ruam, tab sis tiag tiag los ze zog rau qhov tseeb tsis muaj tseeb. Tag nrho cov no yog qee qhov tus cwj pwm zoo - ob lub hnub thiab lub siab sib zog rau qhov zoo tagnrho - tib neeg, tus txiv neej, communism, tom qab tag nrho, tom qab ntawd ntau tus neeg ncaj ncees ntseeg "kev sib cais tiag tiag." Lub siab xav ua nquag thiab ua tej yam tiag tiag thiab tsim nyog - ua ntu zus mus tom ntej. Txhua qhov kev zoo tshaj plaws yog tus yam ntxwv, hais ncaj qha, ob leeg ntawm rau-caum thiab cov neeg zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub caij nyoog ntawm stagnation. Cov sijhawm zoo li no ntawm kev hlub rau cov ntawv zoo nkauj thiab cov qauv siv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv keeb kwm ntawm kos duab - nco ntsoov tib Masons ntawm 18th los yog faj tim teb chaws style ntawm xyoo pua puv 19. Thiab ib qho tuaj yeem xav tias nws nyuaj npaum li cas rau cov kws ua yeeb yam ntawm "xya caum", uas tau yuam kom muab lawv cov kev xav zoo, rau feem ntau, ntawm lub rooj. Chernyavsky tseem muaj hmoo - txawm hais tias nws tsis yooj yim los tshawb xyuas nws tus sanatorium Voronovo hauv qhov xwm txheej (nws yog tsom kwm nrog kev mob siab rau), tab sis nws muaj nyob hauv ntau phau ntawv nyeem, peb tus kheej thiab txawv teb chaws. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm phau ntawv yog lwm kauj ruam hauv kev lees paub.
