Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw, ua rau sawv cev ntawm Ministry of Regional Development ntawm Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb, yog kev tshawb nrhiav cov haujlwm hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev kawm ua haujlwm, ob qho peev nyiaj thiab kev ua haujlwm, uas tau npaj los siv rau xyoo tom ntej hauv lub moj khaum ntawm lub xeev cov kev pab rau vaj tsev thiab kev tsim kho. Peb tab tom tham txog cov khoom ua ntej tsim los ua kom tau raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig puag ncig thiab muaj kev daws teeb meem zoo. Nws tsis pub leejtwg paub tias kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, yog tias nws muaj peev xwm los muab cov yeeb yam no hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsim, nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov khoom atypical. Tam sim no, raws li Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm NOP Mikhail Posokhin tau hais nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib tham, "lub sijhawm dhau los xav txog kev txiav txim siab yav dhau los ua haujlwm zoo thiab muaj tswv yim". Nws yog rau lub hom phiaj no uas qhov kev sib tw tau tuav tiav.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 62 ua haujlwm tau muab xa mus rau nws. Cov phiaj xwm tau sib tw hauv ntau txoj kev xaiv, nyob ntawm seb qhov loj me thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam: cov tsev kawm menyuam yaus sib txawv ntawm 25 txog 250 qhov chaw, cov tsev kawm ntawv - los ntawm 100 txog 1236. Yog lawm, kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj tsawg tsawg hauv kev txhais tau tias kev kos duab, yog li ntawd cov khoom tau raug ntsuas tsis yog thiab tsis ntau los ntawm qhov pom ntawm architecture, tab sis, ua ntej txhua yam, rau lawv cov qauv, uas cov neeg koom ntawm kev sib tw sim. ua kom yoog raws thiab dav hauv tsev li sai tau.
Yuav kom ua qhov kev lees paub ntawm txhua tus neeg koom nrog kev sib tw, pob nyiaj siv nyiaj tsim nyog los ntawm TK tsis cuam tshuam rau cov ntsej muag ntawm cov khoom: kom tau txav deb ntawm cov "thawv" li niaj zaus, qee tus kws ua vaj tsev nquag siv cov xim thiab zoo nkauj geometry, lwm tus sau kev sau ua hom ntawm cov tsev nyob ntawm haiv neeg nrog cov kab ntawv nrog cov ntsiab lus tshiab. Rau qee qhov laj thawj, cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tau kawm txawv lawv tus kheej nrog tshwj xeeb kev saib xyuas - cov tsev kawm txuj ci rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov teeb tsa raug tsim los ua tsev loj lossis tseem tsis tau raug. Piv txwv, hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm V. V. Gorlov lub vaj zoo li lub tsev zoo nkauj nrog rustic thiab qhov projections, thiab hauv cov qauv tsim qauv ntxiv ntawm tus kws kes duab V. M. Umyvakina zoo li 2 lub tsev loj. Thiab Petersburg kws kes duab vajtse E. V. Perov, leej twg tau txais 3 nqi zog ntawm ib zaug, siv txhua kab thiab turrets hauv cov duab ntawm cov vaj.
Tab sis cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tuam tsev rau feem ntau yog hais txog cov lus ntawm hom phiaj xwm tam sim no, lossis rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov kws ua vaj tsev ntawm Lavxias avant-garde. Piv txwv, cov qib kindergarten ntawm Yu. P. Lutchenko cov phiaj xwm zoo ib yam li "rauj thiab mob hnyav" ntawm lub tsev lag luam Samara nto moo, thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse N. V. Korenkova nthuav qhia cov qauv tsim qauv hauv xov tooj, khawm cov duab ntawm tus nto moo "comb" ntawm K. Melnikov. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov txiaj ntsig txuas ntawm cov khoom tsis tsuas yog tso cai rau koj kom "yaj" nyob rau hauv cov chav sib txawv, tab sis kuj tsim ntau qhov chaw xis nyob.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sim cov khoom ntawm xyoo 1920 kuj pom nyob hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov neeg tiam tshiab: piv txwv, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev nthuav dav facade-accordion tsev kawm ntawv hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm V. N. Nikiforov, lossis cov chav qhib ntev ntev-cov nplooj saum toj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawm kws kes duab vajtse A. V. Samorodnitsky. Cov neeg koom nrog kev sib tw tsis tsawg feem ntau hais txog qhov kev paub ntawm cov kws txiav txim siab, siv collages ntawm lub dav hlau ci ci, thiab qee qhov nyiam dua ib yam dab tsi tag nrho atypical thiab zoo li yog los ntawm ib hom kev sib txawv, xws li qhov project ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tus kws lij choj Astrakhan D. Yu Gavrilov, uas yog ntau dua li cov chaw ua si dej lossis chaw ua si lom ze.
Txhua qhov kev ua tiav yeej yuav suav nrog hauv phau ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab ntawv pov thawj rau kev nqis tes ua thoob plaws tebchaws.
Hauv qab no peb tshaj tawm cov npe tag nrho ntawm cov yeej ntawm cov kev sib tw rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab "Cov menyuam kev kawm":
- Cov menyuam lub tsev kawm ntawv me me txog 25-40 qhov chaw
Kuv kawm ntawv - Tsvetkova N. N. (Belgorod);
II degree - Anikin V. S. (Moscow lub nroog);
III degree - Shiryaev Yu. M. (Pskov)
- Cov me nyuam lub tsev kawm txuj ci rau 180 qhov chaw, suav nrog qib kindergarten rau 4 pab pawg thiab ib theem tsev kawm ntawv rau 4 chav kawm
Kuv kawm ntawv - Perova A. F. (St. Petersburg);
II degree - D. V. Pshenichnikov (Moscow lub nroog);
III degree - Mezhlumova N. N. (Tashkent nroog);
III degree - pab pawg muaj tswv yim muaj: Dorokhina V. A., Goncharova L. I., Taraskina I. V. (Belgorod);
- Cov menyuam lub chaw qhia ua haujlwm rau 360 thaj chaw, suav nrog cov kawm qib kindergarten rau 8 pab pawg thiab ib theem tsev kawm ntawv rau 8 chav kawm
III degree - Lutchenko Yu. P. (Belgorod);
(diplomas ntawm I thiab II degrees tsis tau muab tsub)
- Tsev Kawm Ntawv theem II thiab III (ntawm qib 5 txog 12 qib) rau 700 tus tub ntxhais kawm
Kuv kawm ntawv - Bezrukov E. S. (Moscow lub nroog);
(diplomas ntawm II thiab III degrees tsis tau muab tsub)
- Tsev kawm qib I, II thiab III qib (los ntawm 1 txog 12 qib) rau 100 tus tub ntxhais kawm
Kuv kawm ntawv - Khromov M. A. (Belgorod);
II degree - A. V. Samorodnitsky (St. Petersburg);
III degree - N. V. Korenkov (Lyubertsy);
III degree - Gavrilov D. Yu. (Astrakhan);
Cov yeej ntawm kev sib tw rau kev tsim qauv kev ua vaj tsev rau kev rov siv dua "Cov menyuam yaus kev kawm" hauv kev xaiv cov npe hauv qab no yog:
- Qib pib mus txog 90 qhov chaw - Umyvakin V. M. (Voronezh);
- Kindergarten rau 100-160 qhov chaw - Perov E. V. (Saint-Petersburg) - diplomas ntawm I thiab II degrees;
- Kindergarten rau 180-250 qhov chaw - Perov E. V. (St. Petersburg));
- Cov tsev kawm theem nrab rau 72 qhov chaw hauv qhov thaiv nrog qib pib rau 30 chaw
(tsis muaj cov phiaj xwm tsis muaj nyob hauv kev xaiv tsa no);
- Lub tsev kawm ntawv rau 100-160 qhov chaw kawm - Gorlov V. V. (Oryol);
- Tsev kawm ntawv rau 100-550 qhov chaw kawm - Skuratov I. A. (Orenburg);
- Tsev kawm ntawv rau 600-1236 cov tub ntxhais kawm - Nikiforov V. N. (Moscow)
