"Hloov chaw" yog ib qho ntawm kaum lub tswv yim qhia hauv xyoo 2010 ntawm Moscow Biennale ntawm Architecture nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm qhov project "Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Metropolis. Qhov project Moscow”, saib xyuas los ntawm Elena Gonzalez.
Cia peb nco koj tias tsuas yog peb lub xyoos dhau los cov lus "nroog loj" thiab "txoj cai tswjfwm hauv nroog tshiab" tsis tau nrov txog li niaj hnub no, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm thaj chaw nyob txhawj xeeb tsuas yog cov neeg nyob hauv tom qab. Tseem tshuav ib xyoo ntxiv mus txog rau thaum lub tswv yim nthuav tawm Moscow, thiab kev sib cav sib ceg txog kev npaj tswv yim hauv nroog yog nyob ib ncig ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm General Plan ntawm Moscow (uas twb tau raug kho dua hnub no). Qhov no yog keeb kwm tawm tsam uas Elena Gonzalez pib nws qhov project. Tus saib xyuas nug kaum lub tsev teev ntuj hauv nroog: “Lub nroog Moscow zoo li cas thaum 40-50-60 xyoo? Qhia koj lub zeem muag hauv ib daim duab."
Qhov tseeb, cov neeg koom nrog txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau hais tawm lawv tus kheej nrog kev pab ntawm qee daim ntaub futuristic canvas ntawm cov tswv yim txhim kho vaj tsev thiab hauv nroog, tab sis DNA pawg kws kes duab vajtse coj txoj haujlwm no kom tob. Pab pawg tau muab nws siv los ua kev nug rau qhov lus nug: muaj teeb meem dab tsi hauv nroog thiab lawv xav hloov dab tsi? Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm cov txheej txheem theem.
"Thiab tsis tas li, txawm tias qhov tseeb peb tau nthuav dav txoj hauv kev ua lub luag haujlwm thaum pib, qhov no tsis yog kev tshawb fawb los yog tsim kev ua haujlwm nruj me ntsis, tab sis yog ib lub tswv yim zoo nkauj thiab kev tsim txuj ci," hais tias Natalya Sidorova. Tej zaum nws yuav tseem nyob hauv ob peb xyoos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau txog tus kheej thiab cov khoom teev yog tias cov lus tau hais tawm hauv nws peb xyoos tom qab tsis tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev tsim txoj cai tshiab hauv nroog npaj rau lub nroog. Konstantin Khodnev tau hais tias "Peb kuj xav qhia Txoj Cai Hloov Chaw Vim tias, los ntawm qhov sib thooj sib xws, tom qab ntawd, peb lub xyoos dhau los, peb tau xaiv thaj chaw Biryulyovo-Zapadnoye los qhia txog peb txoj haujlwm, uas ua rau muaj kev nyiam ntau rau pej xeem tsis ntev los no," Tab sis yog tias niaj hnub no cov ncauj lus ntawm kev tshaj tawm txog Byuryulev tau hloov mus rau cov lus sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv, tom qab ntawd cov kws ua vaj tsev coj los ua qhov kev xav txog qhov no ntawm Moscow raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm "thaj chaw pw" - lub nroog loj-npaj tsim muaj los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cyclopean qhov loj me thiab piv rau hauv cov nplauv tsawg. Nws tau pom tseeb rau cov kws kes duab vajtse tias, rau txhua qhov tsis zoo, thaj chaw no thiab ntau qhov chaw zoo sib xws hauv Moscow muaj ntau lub peev xwm rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub nroog, thiab, tsis zoo li thaj chaw ua lag luam, kev rov tsim kho uas tsis tsuas yog tub nkeeg, tib neeg lawm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, tiag tiag hauv kev xav tau ntawm kev hloov pauv zoo.
Tsis tas txiav txim siab rau lawv tus kheej rau ib daim duab, cov kws tsim qauv txawm pom ib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb rau lawv kev ua haujlwm uas qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho hauv kev teeb tsa. Kev pauv hloov yog ib qho kev sim rau sau ib daim ntaub nroog loj rau lwm qhov. Hauv qhov no, ib daig ntawm Moscow chaw ua piv txwv ntawm feem ntau kev sib raug zoo thiab nroog npaj chaw nyob hauv Biryulyovo-Zapadnoye. Daniel Lorenz piav qhia tias "Peb tau sib xyaw zoo ib yam li kev ua neeg nyob ua ke ntawm thaj chaw thiab txoj kev txhim kho ntawm lub nroog nruab nrab, qhia meej meej qhov tsis muaj dab tsi nyob hauv" cov chaw pw tsim lub nroog loj nyob ib puag ncig, "piav qhia Daniel Lorenz. "Peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog daws cov tsev kawm hauv plawv nroog thiab qhov chaw muaj chaw nyob, qhov chaw ib puag ncig hauv nroog yeej tseem tsis tau muaj."
Cov kws kes duab tsim txoj kev tsim qauv ntawm txoj kev nqaim ntawm txoj kev nqaim ntawm lub tsev, txoj kev loog vaj loog, cov neeg taug kev, fab kev thiab plaub fab ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm Biryulovo, yog li qhia meej meej ua li cas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm niaj hnub Moscow thaj chaw. Txawm lub tsev nyob ua ke rau ntawm tej zej zog ib puag ncig, yeej muaj ib thaj chaw tsis muaj neeg nyob coob uas txawm tias greenery tsis ci ntsa nws. Nws yog qhov tseeb hais tias xws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev ua rau thaj chaw antipode ntawm lub tsev so zoo, muaj chaw nyob. Raws li rau cov nroj tsuag ntsuab, tus sau phau ntawv ntawm qhov project tsis ntshai los faib nws, tig nws mus rau hauv "nroog greening", uas yog, tsim tej yam kev mob rau cov organic coexistence ntawm xwm thiab architecture.
Ntxiv rau kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj thiab chaw ua si, txoj kev txhim kho yuav tsum muaj kev lom zem nrog cov koom haum, chaw noj mov, khw muag khoom, chaw ua haujlwm, tsev ua yeeb yam, tsev cia puav pheej - hauv lwm yam lus, pej xeem lub luag haujlwm thiab thaj chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm, uas cov neeg taug kev yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Hauv lub sijhawm ntev, cov kws ua haujlwm ntseeg hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua rau tib neeg ntawm ib puag ncig yog hloov maj mam ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov tuam tsev uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm kev txo qhov siab thiab tsim qhov chaw uas tib neeg ntsuas. "Hloov chaw", yog li, txuas ntxiv tsis yog rau cov qauv dav dav ntawm cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj rau nws cov "ntsiab lus", i.e. vaj huam sib luag vaj tse. Hauv phiaj xwm DNA, lub tsev uas twb muaj lawm yog xub pauv mus rau qhov chaw zoo tshaj li 5-7-siab, thiab tom qab ntawd, dhau sijhawm, nws tau rhuav tshem thiab hloov chaw ua si thiab pas dej uas khaws cia lub cim xeeb ntawm qhov chaw. Yog li, hauv cov phiaj xwm dav dav "Moscow 2060" "zog" thiab "arcs", hauv kev muaj tiag tsim los ntawm monotonous ntau lub tsev ntawm cov tsev, tseem yog tus thawj, tab sis hauv cov xim ntsuab thiab xiav. Cov phiaj xwm hais tias "Qhov phiaj xwm no tsuas yog lub tswv yim xwb, nrog lub ntiaj teb loj tsib caug xyoo kev npaj, tab sis nws teeb tsa qhov tseeb ntawm kev loj hlob," - Yuav kom qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm thaj chaw nyob hauv ib puag ncig hauv nroog ib puag ncig kom dhau los ua tau, tam sim no nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xav thiab muab tso rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev xaiv tswv yim ntawm thaj chaw tshiab, cov kab ke sib txuas ua ke hauv kev ntxiv rau cov uas twb muaj lawm, thiab nqa tawm kev hloov pauv lossis hloov pauv ntawm cov tuam tsev uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau theem, raws li ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm "hnub nyoog ntawm lub neej" thiab lub xeev ntawm cov tsev thiab hom ntawm lawv cov series."
Niaj hnub no, thaum hloov ntawm ib hom ntawm cov chaw hauv nroog nrog lwm qhov tab tom dhau los ua lub hom phiaj kev tsim kho rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Moscow (microdist cheeb tsam yog hloov los ntawm cov zej zog, txoj kev, qhov twg ua tau, thaj chaw neeg taug kev, thaj chaw tsis ntau - chaw ua si, thiab lwm yam), qhov project tsim los ntawm cov pab pawg kws kes duab vajtse DNA peb xyoos dhau los yog kev pom zoo li kev kwv yees hauv nroog tiag … Thiab cov kws tsim txaij lawv tus kheej txuas ntxiv los xav txog nws ntau dua li cuam tshuam - tom qab tag nrho, tsis yog Biryulyovo-Zapadnoye, xws li lwm qhov ntawm "kev siv pw tsaug zog" ntawm lub peev tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov xwm txheej no mus rau hauv ib puag ncig hauv nroog loj.
