Cog Mis Mos

2024 Tus sau: David Durham | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 02:35

Zauv 4 yog ib feem ntawm thawj theem ntawm ZILART, ib qhov haujlwm ntawm LSR lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm Yuri Grigoryan, leej twg, raws li koj paub, txiav txim siab ob qho tswv yim tswv yim thiab kev tsim qauv rau kev txhim kho ntu ntawm cov tshuab qub no. -ua kev tsim qauv av nkos. Ib lub chaw haujlwm nto moo tau raug caw tsim los tsim thawj theem rau txhua peb lub hlis twg. Ntau ntawm "Mezonproekt" nyob rau sab qaum teb ciam teb ntawm cov nyom, uas khiav raws Likhachev Avenue. Yog tias koj suav los ntawm Moskva River, nws yog tus thib peb tom qab lub tsev ntawm Sergei Skuratov thiab Yevgeny Gerasimov, nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Sergei Tchoban lub quarter. "Cov Neeg Zej Zog" ntawm cov kab pheeb ces kaum - muaj ntau "Urbis" thiab "Meganoma". Tus neeg nyob ze tshaj plaws los ntawm sab hauv, sab qab teb yog lub tsev ntawm Tsimailo, Lyashenko thiab Partners bureau: cov kws ua vaj tsev ntawm Mezonproekt feem ntau tau ntsib nrog nws cov kws sau ntawv, tham txog qhov tsis tuaj yeem, xim thiab qhov siab ntawm cov tsev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj volumetric-spatial roll hu: cov tsev qis tau muab tso rau ntawm ib sab thiab txuas ntxiv ib leeg, ua rau lub tsev siab qis ua ntej raws Shchusev Txoj Kev, thiab 14-storey yees ntawm ob ntau muaj qee yam sib xws.

zooming

Thaj thaj ua ZILART (ntau No. 4). Cov phiaj xwm xwm txheej © Mezonproject
zooming

Thaj thaj ua ZILART (ntau No. 4). Cov phiaj xwm dav dav © Mezonproject

Lwm qhov kev txwv yog kev tsim qauv tsim txoj cai tswj kev txhom peb lub hlis, qhov siab, av qhov siab thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Txoj cai tseem txhais tau cov khoom tig ntsia: 70 feem pua av ci, 30 feem pua ntawm lwm yam khoom siv; thiab xim: xim liab, dawb, ntxoov txho; thiab cov hlua khi tsaus nti ntawm qhov rais. LSR pab pawg tsim cov av ntsa hauv nws tus kheej ntau lawm, rau ZILART nws yog feem ntau ua los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, raws li cov duab kos thiab cov kev xav ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse, rau qhov tsis txaus siab rau qhov tshwj xeeb kev ntxhib los mos ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm txhua qhov ntau.

Mezonproekt npaj siab ua nruj, hauv qee txoj kev txawm tias kev daws teeb meem. Cov kws ua haujlwm xaiv ob hom cib: ib qho tsaus nti nrog qhov ci zoo nkauj uas pom lub ntuj, hloov xim ntawm xim dub-xim av rau xiav. Qhov thib ob yog qhov nruab nrab grey, ntxhib thiab zoo ib yam li pob zeb tsaus. Ua ke lawv tsim sepia-toned grisaille, qub faded duab lossis ntawv xov xwm. Nruab nrab ntxoov ntxoo, txawm tsaus.

zooming

1/8 thaj chaw nyob hauv ZILART (ntau 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

2/8 Residential complex ZILART (lot # 4) Yees duab: Archi.ru
zooming

3/8 thaj rau ntawm cov chaw nyob ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject
zooming

4/8 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau Daim No. 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject
zooming

5/8 thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject
zooming

6/8 thaj ntawm cov tsev ZILART (ntau Daim No. 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject
zooming

7/8 thaj ntawm cov nyom ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject
zooming

8/8 thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Txoj Haujlwm © Mezonproject

Cov khoom siv thib peb yog cov plooj (venice) zeb ua: pob zeb nrog lub npoo zoo ib yam li corten steel, zoo ib yam li cov Hoobkas hlau qub. Qhov no yog thawj qhov sib piv nrog ZIL. Txhua lub ntsuas pa ntawm 6-meter siab hauv pem teb sab nraud ntawm sab nraud yog ua los ntawm ob "accordions" ntawm cov khoom zoo li cov xeb: hauv qab ib qho siab dua, lub siab dua yog luv dua. Tus kab zigzag yog txhob txwm rhuav tshem, zoo li lub tsev muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm ob txoj hlua ntawm qee yam ntawm kev ua. Ntawm cov ces kaum, txoj kev sib tshuam tau pom ntau dua, lub siab ntawm cov khoom qub, tsis kam tig thiab tom qab sawv nrog lub suab nrov sib tsoo kom coj mus rau qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev, nce.

zooming

Thaj thaj ua ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

Thaj thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru

Lub Hoobkas sib cav tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov visors: lawv qhov dav thiab luv luv nrog concave nto illuminated nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj zoo li cov duab nrog hlau kub.

zooming

1/3 thaj ua ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

2/3 thaj thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

3/3 thaj thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt

Cov ntsiab lus, txawm tias muaj qee qhov kev siab phem, yog akin rau showcase tsim, uas yuav tsum tau ua tiav kev nruab nrab lossis kev hais tawm sonorous. Cia peb tseem pom nws sib raug zoo nrog cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub ntawm ZILART: thawj cov plag tsev thiab "tus Tsov tus tw" ntawm lub tsev pob zeb loj, ntau Zauv 1, tau them nrog corten steel; peb tuaj yeem pom lub corten zigzag nyob rau hauv sab hauv ntau ntawm ntau Zaj 2. Ntau yam # 4 txuas ntxiv mus rau lub Hoobkas teeb tsa los ntawm nws tus npoj yaig, Sergei Skuratov.

Qhov thib peb ntawm kev nco txog ZIL yog nyob rau sab hauv thiab muaj qhov cim tsis zoo kiag li: cov vaj huam sib luag ceramic nrog cov duab ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom tau nco qab tsis tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj ntawm Stalin cov xov xwm chaw nres tsheb lossis tom qab ua tsov rog VDNKh.

zooming

1/6 thaj ua rau thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproject
zooming

2/6 thaj chaw ntawm ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproject
zooming

3/6 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproekt
zooming

4/6 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproject
zooming

5/6 thaj thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag rau hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproekt
zooming

6/6 Thaj chaw ua ZILART (ntau 4): cov vaj huam sib luag hauv cov chaw nkag © Mezonproekt

Tab sis cia peb rov qab mus nraum zoov thiab saib mus. Ntawm ob qhov ntxoov ntxoo, cov kws ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab thiab kab rov tav, ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm xyoo pua 20th architecture. Nws tau paub tias kab rov tav rau qee qhov yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm lub architecture ntawm avant-garde, chav tso tsheb ciav hlau ya tom ntej, chaw thiab kev ywj pheej. Txawm li cas los xij, kab rov tav kuj yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khw muag khoom hauv hlau, dov zeb thiab conveyor - nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim los tso lawv hauv ntauwd. Qhov ntsug, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov txais tos ntawm Art Deco thiab classical architecture feem ntau, tus neeg tawm tsam ntawm avant-garde. Hauv lub xyoo pua XX, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim: sai li sai tau qhov kev lag luam niaj hnub, cov vaj tse raug txuas ntxiv, cov qhov rai yog daim kab xev lossis tsawg kawg voos, tso ntawm sab ntev. Thaum modernism tau txais kev sib txawv, txoj kev loj hlob ntsug ntawm tus yees tau txais kev txhawb los ntawm kev sim-blades, thiab lub qhov rais, raws li, tau rub mus rau hauv txoj hlua.

Thiab yog tias nyob rau lub xyoo pua XX qhov feem ntsug thiab kab rov tav tau ua tsov rog ntawm txoj haujlwm, ib qho los yog lwm qhov kev yeej, tam sim no lawv txoj kev tawm tsam tau nce zuj zus los ua ib qho kev xav ntawm kev xav. Yog li cov kws txawj ntawm "Mezonproekt" tau muab hauv pem teb rau ob qho ntawm lawv ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag. Hauv lawv cov phiaj xwm, txhua yam yog piav qhia: ib 14 tus pej thuam, ntawm kaum ntawm Golosov thiab Kandinsky txojkev (sic, cov npe ntawm ZILART txoj kev yuav tsis cia koj tsis nco qab txog keeb kwm ntawm kev kos duab ntawm xyoo pua XX), - qhia qhov feem ntsug Cov. Lub xya-pem teb lub tsev nyob raws txoj kev Shchusev cultivates kab rov tav, nrog rau ob chav ntawm ib theem-xev uas kaw qhov contour mus rau sab xis thiab sab laug ntawm nws. Lub tsev nyob nrog Likhachev Avenue txuas ntxiv rau ob qho tag nrho cov ntsiab lus, hauv qab xya plag tsev yog subordinate mus rau kab rov tav, cov sab saud yog ntsug.

zooming

1/3 thaj ua rau ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Axonometry © Mezonproject
zooming

2/3 thaj rau thaj chaw ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Facade. Saib 1 © Mezonproject
zooming

3/3 thaj ntawm cov tsev ZILART (ntau Zauv 4). Facade. Saib 3 © Mezonproject

Lub tsev pheeb suab ntsug ncaj qha nco qab txog xyoo 1930, lub chaw pabcuam Moscow chaw nres tsheb (tam sim no lub Xeev Duma), thiab ntau lub tebchaws Asmeskas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Chicago, piv txwv. Cov ntawv nthuav dav tau - muab ob npaug rau qhov rais sib cais los ntawm nyias cov lintel hlau - yoojyim tsis ntseeg tias Chicago yog qhov qauv loj ntawm no. Bay lub qhov rais coj peb rov qab mus rau tam sim no, asymmetrically - ob feem peb hauv qab no, ib qho saum toj no - puag saum lub ces kaum, yam tsis nco qab txog cov neeg saib ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm lub xyoo pua tam sim no, yog li kom tsis txhob coj mus deb los ntawm kev hais qhia.

zooming

1/7 thaj thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

2/7 thaj rau cov khoom siv ua ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

3/7 thaj chaw nyob hauv ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

4/7 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

5/7 thaj chaw nyob hauv lub tsev ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees duab: Archi.ru
zooming

6/7 thaj chaw hauv tsev ZILART (ntau 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

7/7 thaj chaw nyob hauv lub tsev ZILART (ntau 4) Duab: Archi.ru

Hauv rooj plaub kab rov tav, cov raj nplaim muag tau tig dhau 90 qib thiab lub daug txuas txuas rau lub qhov rais, hais meej txog cov kev coj xov. Ib qho txheej txheem uas rov mus txog rau caum thiab yim caum, thiab ntxiv lub zigzag ntawm kab txaij interfloor. Lub faadeade kis tau ntim, plasticity, nruj nruj thiab zoo ib yam li cov lus niaj hnub txhais ntawm kab rov tav. Ob chav tsaus nti, cov plag tsev siab ua kom nce siab, zoo ib yam li cov tsev pheeb suab ntsug uas nyob ib sab - ob lub tsev siab zog, lossis cov tub ntxhais ntawm lub tsev, ib puag ncig los ntawm cov pleats loj ntawm cov thwv cib.

zooming

1/3 thaj ua ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

2/3 thaj thaj ntawm ZILART (ntau 4) © Mezonproekt
zooming

3/3 thaj chaw hauv txoj kev ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru

Yog li, ob qhov tseem ceeb tshaj tawm cov txuj ci, teej tug los ntawm Art Deco thiab Modernism, raug coj mus rau ib qho sib thooj: cov txheej txheem yooj yim embossed ntawm strips-hlua. Cov sau phau ntawv zoo li yog txhob txwm tshaj tawm tias kev sib cav sib cav sib ceg ntawm xyoo pua dhau los nyiam qhov tsis nyiam yog qhov muaj kev sib tham ntawm Swift cov lus qhia thiab cov ntsiab lus. Thiab yog tias koj mus txog qib siab ntawm kev ntsuas dav dav, tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem raug ntxiv thiab rho tawm, zoo li hauv cov qauv ntsuas.

Hauv cov tuam tsev thib peb, qhov sib ntxiv yuav siv sijhawm: hauv qab, qhov zawj yog kab rov tav, vij ncig, saum toj kawg hauv pem teb, ntsug, rub tawm - yuav luag zoo li ob feem ntawm daim paib "ntxiv". Tag nrho cov faadeade yog subordinated rau lawv nruj suav. Hauv seem sab saud, feem ntsug tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm iav-hlau "tsiav tshuaj" ntawm bay qhov rais, zoo ib yam li cov nce tsheb - nws zoo li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum saib los ntawm hauv qab no, tias lawv tau khov thiab tab tom yuav nce lossis nqis dua. Ib qho kev daws teebmeem zoo rau cov teeb meem ntawm "loggia ntsuas cua" yog kom tig mus rau hauv ib ntu ntawm cov phiaj xwm. Bay qhov rais tseem dhau los ua qhov chaw ntxiv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov chav tsev: lawv protrude deb rau pem hauv ntej, ob metres los ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm sab hauv phab ntsa, ntxiv ntau yam thiab ua haujlwm ua ib hom "teeb moos soos" vim lawv daim duab peb sab ntawm ledges.

zooming

1/11 ZILART thaj chaw nyob muaj zog (ntau 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

2/11 thaj chaw nyob ua ke ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees duab: Archi.ru

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub tsev tig mus rau Likhachev Avenue tau ntau dua li cov yas hauv cov duab kos thawj zaug thiab muaj ob peb pob ntawm ib daim duab loj uas ua los ntawm asymmetric voos peb npaug ntawm lub qhov rais. Yog li lub tsev tag nrho los ua, zoo li hauv chav ncas-punk, lub duab puab ntawm khov khov kho, qee yam ntawm cov tsheb loj. Qhov tseeb zigzag ncig lub tsev 7-qhov chaw thiab daim duab peb sab bay qhov rai yog qhov zoo ntawm daim ntawv no, nws cov khoom seem tom qab "tu" thiab "pacification" los ntawm cov kab sib ncag-sib tshuam.

Tam sim no cov kab ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntsug thiab kab rov tav tau txais nyob rau qee qhov chaw ornamental ntxiv: qee qhov no yog cov cwj nrag ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tus pej thuam, qee qhov hlau ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tshuab cua: cov ntsug thiab kab rov tav vias lwm nyob rau hauv lawv - qhov kev kos duab no tau dhau los cim ntawm lub tsev, nws yog rov ua dua saum tus nkag.

zooming

1/5 Residential complex ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees duab: Archi.ru
zooming

2/5 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru
zooming

3/5 thaj chaw ZILART (ntau # 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru

Ib lub tshav puam ntawm vaj loog nrog laconic bevels thawb los ntawm lub txaj paj thiab qhov chaw siab siab ntawm ntoo thiav qhib tau tsuas yog nyob hauv ib qho chaw, los ntawm sab ntawm Golosova Txoj Kev. Ntawm no nws tau kaw los ntawm kab ntoo nrog lub rooj vag thiab lub rooj loog. Raws li tus qauv phiaj xwm, txoj kev ntawm Golosov thiab Kandinsky, ib puag ncig thaj chaw No. 4 ntawm ob sab, yog cov neeg taug kev hauv txoj kev taug kev tsuas yog siv tau rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb nkaus xwb; tam sim no cov ntoo raug tsim tsa thiab sanded ntawm no, cov nyom nrog ntoo thuv tau npaj. Txoj Kev Shchusev nyob rau sab hnub tuaj yog txoj kev sab hauv, Likhachev Avenue, tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev lag luam hauv txoj kev hla uas ib zaug nyob ntawm no - txoj kev loj thiab ciam teb ntawm ZILART. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws tau nyob ntsiag to ncig, tawm hauv qab ntawm lub tshav puam, koj tuaj yeem taug kev nyab xeeb. Tab sis tus sau phau ntawv muaj foreseen lwm txoj kev, los ntawm lub rooj vag - mus rau lub tshav puam ntawm lub tsev nyob sib ze ntawm Evgeny Gerasimov, los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws yuav ces yuav tau mus rau sab laug, mus rau Kandinsky Street. Yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, lub rooj vag qhib - zoo, lossis muaj rau cov neeg nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb - tom qab ntawd qhov no yuav yog lwm txoj hauv kev los tsim qhov kev sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov chaw, txhawb nws lub nroog zoo thiab permeability.

zooming

Thaj thaj chaw ZILART (ntau 4) Yees Duab: Archi.ru

Qhov kev teeb tsa thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tsev nyob yog ib txwm muaj, tsis yog euro thiab tsis yog studio, lawv tsim los rau qhov tseeb tias txawm tias hauv tsev neeg ib tus neeg xav tau lawv qhov chaw. Ib chav ntawm ib chav pib ntawm 42 m², thiab hauv 48-meter ib qho muaj txawm tias chav hnav khaub ncaws. Ob chav hauv chav tso tawm feem ntau loj, 70 m lossis ntau dua², thiab hauv lawv, uas tsis txawv rau Russia, muaj ob chav dej, raws li nyob hauv 3- thiab 4-chav; qhov loj ntawm tom kawg yog li 120 m²… Muaj plaub mus rau tsib qhov ntawm daim av. Cov lej nkag tau muab tso nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv los ntawm sab hauv vaj nrog cib thiab pom meej meej.

Piv rau cov tsev nyob sib luag ntawm ZILART, Ntau # 4 yog cov xim zoo nkauj, monochrome. Nws zoo li tau tuav lub sijhawm so, mus rau hauv cov xinesmas dub thiab dawb, hais txog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Muaj ob lub sijhawm zoo li no: kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm lub xyoo thirties - txawm hais tias cov nroj tsuag tau tshwm sim rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Tyuffle Grove nyob rau xyoo 1916, nws yog hnub kawg, tau kawg, tau pib xyoo 1930-1931, nrog kev pib ntawm lub teb chaws thawj conveyor. Lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm kev vam meej - xyoo rau caum-xya caum, lub sijhawm ntawm "hom austere" thiab kev tsis qia ntawm lub tebchaws, maj mus tsim kho nws tus kheej. Lub cuab ntxhiab ntawm lub tsev yog, feem ntau, meej thiab meej tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv nws cov architecture: cov ntsug ntauwd cim thawj hnub heyday, lub sijhawm ntawm Art Deco thiab post-constructivism, txawm tias Chicago analogies zoo heev, txij li xyoo 1930 cog tau kho kom tshiab los ntawm kev tso cai ntawm Asmeskas. Lub cev kab rov tav tau qhia meej meej txog xyoo 1960 - 1970, lub sijhawm thaws thiab, ntawm qhov tod tes, lub sijhawm thaum ZIL tsim ntau ntau lub tsheb ntau ntau hauv ib xyoos thiab txawm tias tub yees. Qhov thib peb pej thuam sau ua ob lub ntsiab lus. Lub tsev dhau los ua ib lub mlom rau tsob ntoo.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, cia peb nco ntsoov tias "Mezonproject" yog bureau, ib qho ntawm kev ci ntsa iab tshwj xeeb ntawm kev uas tau cuam tshuam nrog kev txhais niaj hnub ntawm Art Deco. Yog li ntawd, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov kws ua qauv txiav txim siab tsim lawv tsab ntawv ntawm tus pej thuam uas txaus siab rau lub sijhawm peb caug xyoo. Tab sis qhov kev daws teeb meem tau muab coj los ua qhov sib txawv kiag li: ntau cov lus qhia tsis meej, yooj yim thiab hnyav me ntsis. Txawm hais tias lub tshuab plua plav ntawm tseem tsis tau ntxuav efflorescence haum nws. Kev nthuav daws. Nws mas nws yeej ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm: nws ntxiv me ntsis ntawm tus sau cov lus rau cov qauv tsim.