Cov kws tawm tswvyim ntawm txoj haujlwm no Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws Era”Andrey thiab Nikita Asadov ntseeg hais tias niaj hnub no Lavxias teb sab architecture tau kov yeej lwm keeb kwm kev tsim nyog thiab tsis tsim nyog kom tsuas yog suav los ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, tab sis kuj tseem tham txog cov phiaj xwm rau yav tom ntej. Peb tau tham nrog cov kws sau ntawv txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, nws peb hom ntawv thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb tes num ob qho tib si rau cov kws tshaj lij thiab rau txhua tus neeg nyiam.
Archi.ru:
30 xyoo yog daim duab hnyav rau keeb kwm niaj hnub. Koj tau ua li cas koj thiaj tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua yeeb yam?
Andrey Asadov: Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1989, thawj plaub lub rooj sib tham hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tau raug teeb tsa ntawm Union of Architects ntawm Russia, suav nrog Rhiav ntawm Alexander Rafailovich Asadov, peb txiv. Peb pom tau tias qhov no yog tag nrho cov txheej txheem keeb kwm, uas dhau los 30 xyoo no, thiab txiav txim siab coj Tshuag thiab taug qab cov keeb kwm ntawm cov keeb kwm niaj hnub ntawm Lavxias architecture tam sim no.
Nikita Asadov: Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb los kawm txog keeb kwm no thiab paub tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm twg, dab tsi muaj nuj nqis hauv txhua yam no, kom tsis txhob plam, khaws cia, thiab dhau mus. Thiab lo lus nug loj tshaj yog dab tsi qhov chaw puas architecture nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm dav dav? Peb yuav ua li cas siv lub peev xwm ntau ntxiv, nce thiab kev ywj pheej tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas yuav nthuav dav tsim hauv yav tom ntej?
A. A.: Hauv 30 lub xyoos dhau los, Lavxias architecture tau dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv, ncaj qha ntsig txog kev tsim kho hauv lub tebchaws. Peb pab neeg, uas tseem suav nrog Elena Petukhova thiab Yulia Shishalova tau txheeb xyuas cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv no thiab taug qab txhua qhov kev sib txuam. Lub rooj sib tham yog raws qhov kev tshawb fawb loj loj, ua tsaug uas nws muaj peev xwm los sau ib daim duab ua tiav qhov kawg.
Kev kawm paub li cas los ntawm kev qhia?
A. A.: Cov lus nug tau raug npaj thiab xa mus rau ze li ntawm 300 tus kws tshaj lij: cov kws ua vaj tsev, cov neeg tsim qauv, cov neeg sau xov xwm - txhua tus neeg koom nrog peb txoj haujlwm. Lawv raug nug kom txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem kos duab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, ntsej muag thiab cov khoom ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws. Ntxiv mus, nws muaj peev xwm ob qho tib si los xaiv los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe uas twb npaj lawm, thiab hais tawm ntxiv cov xwm txheej thiab cov tsev. Lub sijhawm no tau siv feem ntau ntawm peb cov neeg teb. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev xaiv no, txoj kev kawm tau tsom mus rau ntau yam xwm txheej tseem ceeb, suav nrog cov cheeb tsam. Tom qab ntawd tus naj npawb ntawm cov pov npav pov rau qee cov phiajcim hauv keeb kwm kev tsim vaj tsev raug suav thiab daim ntawv teev kawg ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab cov phiaj xwm tau tsim.
Puas yog koj tus kheej qee tus koom nrog xaiv cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev nthuav tawm? Los yog koj pom dab tsi ntawm qhov nthuav dav txiav txim siab txog qee yam kev ntaus nqi?
A. A.: Cov khoom pov thawj yog cov khoom siv uas tau txais kev hais feem ntau ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom kev tshawb nrhiav.
ON.: Tib qho uas peb tso rau cov kws txawj yog qhov kev ywj pheej los muab qhov no lossis qhov khoom ntawd rau kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm cov vaj tse uas nrog cov thawj coj hauv kev sojntsuam. Yog li, qhov kev nthuav qhia nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ntaus nqi ob - ob los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg pov npav hauv kev kawm thiab los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg sau lawv tus kheej.
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zooming 1/4 Qhib ntawm lub rooj nthuav dav "Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev. Kev hais lus ntawm tus kws ua yeeb yam tso rau neeg pom Andrey Asadov © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 2/4 Qhib ntawm lub rooj nthuav dav "Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev. Kev Hais Lus los ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Elizaveta Likhacheva © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 3/4 Kev nthuav qhia "Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 4/4 Kev nthuav qhia Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
Yog tias koj tsis xaiv cov neeg tuaj koom ntawm qhov kev pom zoo zaum kawg vim yog qhov laj thawj ntawm daim duab, tom qab ntawd qee zaum qee cov xwm txheej lossis cov phiaj xwm tam sim no tuaj yeem sau tseg yam?
A. A.: Tau kawg, cov phiaj xwm tshiab ua rau pom kev zoo dua qub, thiab cov ua ntej dhau los twb tau pom muaj kev yooj yim, tab sis lawv txhua qhov yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm yav dhau los. Piv txwv li, qee qhov xaiv cov khoom pov thawj ntawm cov khoom pov thawj yog sawv cev los ntawm lawv cov haujlwm thaum ntxov. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lawv lub tswv yim, nws tsuas yog tias ib qho khoom tau raug xaiv uas cuam tshuam rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm architecture thaum lub sijhawm ntawd thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws cov neeg sau.
Peb tau sim ua tiav qhov hom phiaj ntawm kev txiav, peb tau txaus siab yuav ua li cas koom nrog kev cob qhia cov kws tshaj lij lawv tus kheej ntsuas qhov ua tiav ntawm lawv cov npoj yaig. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb zoo siab tias ib qho ntawm peb cov khoom kuj tau txais mus rau hauv peb caug siab.
Puas tau muaj cov vaj tsev txua ntoo thiab keeb kwm txiav hauv nroog Moscow lossis cov cheeb tsam hauv tebchaws Lavxias ib yam nkaus?
ON.: Hais txog tus kheej ntawm tus kheej, peb tsis tau txwv rau Moscow thiab St. Petersburg, tab sis muab cov kws tshaj lij txoj hauv kev los mus sau tag nrho cov kev pabcuam hauv lub tebchaws. Raws li qhov no, daim duab dav dav raug tsim.
A. A.: Thiab peb pab neeg tau txiav txim siab los qhia qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no ua peb hom ntawv ib zaug.
Piv txwv li?
A. A.: Thawj hom yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam uas yuav qhib kom txog rau thaum Lub Rau Hli 16 ntawm Shchusev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture.
ON.: Los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, peb nyiam txoj kev tshawb fawb nws tus kheej kom ntau li ntau tau, yog li kev xaiv ntawm lub xaib yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lub Tsev Khaws Cov Vaj Tsev tau zoo tag nrho vim tias nws tsis yog tsom mus rau cov kws tshaj lij xwb, tab sis kuj yog rau sawv daws.
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zooming 1/6 Kev sau cov khoom kos duab. Teeb tsa raws li Vodka Cov Kab Mob Ntawm Cov Tsev Pov Tseg. Alexander Brodsky. Nthuav cov duab “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 2/6 Kev khaws cov khoom kos duab. Nthuav cov duab “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 3/6 Kev khaws cov khoom kos duab. Txhim kho raws "Lub tsev los ntawm Hiav Txwv". Evgeny Gerasimov, Evgeny Gerasimov & Cov Koom Tes thiab Sergei Tchoban NPS Tchoban Voss. Nthuav cov duab “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 4/6 Kev khaws keeb kwm kev kos duab. Txhim kho raws li "Cov duab pob choj". N. Shumakov, Metrogiprotrans. Nthuav cov duab “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 5/6 Kev khaws keeb kwm kev kos duab. Txhim kho raws li White Square MFC. ABD cov kws ua haujlwm ua ke nrog APA Wojciechowski Architekci (Poland). Nthuav cov duab “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
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zooming 6/6 Kev nthuav qhia “Lavxias Architecture. Tshiab tshaj plaws "nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Shchusev © ARCHNEWAGE
A. A.: Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia, ib phau ntawv yuav nthuav tawm, uas tau ua haujlwm los ntawm pab pawg sib cais uas tau coj los ntawm Yulia Shishalova, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj Saib Xyuas Kev Sib Koom Tes hauv Moscow thiab Architecture thiab lub vev xaib ntawm Moscow Architectural Council. Peb nthuav tawm cov tawg tsam los ntawm phau ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ncua sij hawm - - sijhawm hais txogth ntsuas uas cov keeb kwm dav dav thiab cov tuam tsev sab nrauv tsim qauv. Lwm hom ntawv yog lub xaib uas Pab Neeg Nyiam Zoo Likesisters tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv. Ntxiv nrog rau ib ntus hais txogth scale, ntawm no yog qhov sib sau tshwj xeeb ntawm kev xam phaj video nrog cov koom nrog peb tes num.
ON.: Thiab ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov kev sib tham. Qhov no yog ntau dua kev ua tau zoo thiab kev sib tham sib uas koj tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog ob tus sau phau ntawv kawm thiab cov sau ntawv ntawm cov haujlwm uas tau nthuav tawm ntawm lub rooj nthuav dav. Mloog, nkag siab, nug cov lus nug. Thiab qhov no yog qhov kev nkag siab thiab nkag siab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav qhia - raws li qhov xwm txheej tsis pub dhau lub luag haujlwm ntawm ntu no cov keeb kwm yuav nyob thiab qhov chaw ntawm yuav ua li cas ntxiv yuav tsim.
Qhov twg koj pom lub ntsiab lus thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawd rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev ua haujlwm qub? Qhov kev tshawb fawb twg tuaj yeem muab rau cov kws tshaj lij?
A. A.: Hauv kuv lub tswvyim, nws yog ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig los soj ntsuam cov xwm txheej yav dhau los kom nkag siab txog dab tsi twb tau tiav lawm thiab qhov twg txhua yam mus.
ON.: Kuv twb xav pom saib xaiv huav dej khov. Yog hais tias ua ntej xyoo 1990 muaj twb tau ntau tus sau los ntawm lub sijhawm, los ntawm avant-garde rau daim ntawv architecture, tom qab ntawd nws tau nthuav heev los sim ua xws li kev xaiv rau ntu ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias architecture. Thiab suav nrog nkag siab txog tias yuav sau cov ntawv li cas thiaj yog lawv cov hom phiaj ncaj ncees. Kuv xav tias cov khoom siv no yuav yog qhov xav tau yav tom ntej, vim tias cov hom phiaj tau raug tshwj tseg, thiab ntawm no kuv pom tus nqi tseem ceeb.
Tab sis Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lub Tuam Tsev, uas qhov chaw ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim, muaj kev ncaj ncees los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig ua si thiab cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav dhau los xav txog architecture. Puas yog koj qhov kev nthuav dav qee yam ua kom haum rau cov qhua no?
ON.: Qhov no yog lub sijhawm zoo nyob hauv ib qho chaw thiab hauv lub sijhawm luv luv kom nkag siab txog niaj hnub kev tsim kho tshiab yog dab tsi, dab tsi tau tshwm sim hauv nws lub sijhawm peb lub xyoo dhau los, dab tsi yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig hauv nws los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
A. A.: Architecture yog suav tias yog leej niam ntawm txhua yam txuj ci, tab sis tsis ntev los no kev nkag siab ntawm architecture tau poob zoo heev - nws tau loj hloov mus ua qee yam kev txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tsim lub tsev. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau peb uas niaj hnub kos duab tau pom tau tsis yog ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws li keeb kwm, tab sis kuj yog qhov ywj siab hais txog kev kos duab.
Yog li ntawd, ntxiv rau tag nrho cov kev tshaj lij txuj ci kev lag luam, peb tau sim ua kom pom tseeb thiab nrov. Tias yog vim li cas peb tau thov cov kws sau txog cov haujlwm uas raug xaiv los nthuav tawm lawv lub tsev ua khoom siv kos duab qhia txog lub tswv yim loj. Nws zoo li rau kuv tias qhov no yog qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav tawm - yam tsis muaj dab tsi, peb-seem, qee zaum txawm tias muaj suab thiab video los. Kuv vam tias hom ntawv no yuav yog qhov txaus siab rau ntau tus neeg siv.
Lub rooj nthuav dav yuav khiav rau ib hlis. Puas muaj cov phiaj xwm txuas ntxiv tom qab ua yeeb yam?
A. A.: Peb cia siab tias nrog qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov kev ua tiav, qhov project yuav tsis xaus nws qhov muaj sia nyob thiab yuav tsim lub hauv paus rau kev tshawb xyuas yav tom ntej ntawm kaum xyoo tom ntej. Vim lub sijhawm tsawg rau kev npaj qhov project, peb pab neeg tsis tau xam phaj txhua tus kws tshaj lij, tab sis qhov no yog qhov tsim qauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws cov ntawv online. Nws tuaj yeem yooj yim ntxiv nrog cov dab neeg ntawm yav dhau los thiab lub neej yav tom ntej.
Peb kuj tseem xav npaj txoj kev ncig xyuas kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov phiaj xwm hauv cov cheeb tsam, hauv txhua qhov uas nws tuaj yeem ua kom rov tau nws tus kheej hauv ib cheeb tsam sau cov vaj tse zoo tshaj plaws thiab nws tus kheej keeb kwm. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los npog tag nrho lub teb chaws nrog saib xyuas yam tsis tau muab xauv rau hauv lub peev. Cia peb pom yuav ua li cas qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav, tab sis twb muaj kev txaus siab los ntawm Ministry of Culture thiab Museum ntawm Architecture nws tus kheej!
