Cov cog ntoo laus tshaj plaws nyob rau tebchaws Russia, nrhiav xyoo 1879 los ntawm Karl Siemens, thiab tom qab lub kiv puag ncig hloov npe hu ua Severny lossis Sevkabel, yog nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Vasilievsky Island ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm Neva, tsis deb ntawm tus neeg lim hiam Seaport ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Vitaly Sokhin (tsis yog yuav tsum tau tso siab rau Marine Facade). Tau ntau xyoo, thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel tau dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab kev lag luam: kev tsim kho dua tshiab, nws tau pib coj thaj chaw tsawg dua, kev ua haujlwm muaj tswv yim, cafes, tsev noj mov, thiab tus neeg ua liaj ua teb ua lag luam nyob hauv qhov seem; Tus embankment tau zoo dua, qhov chaw tau nrov npe. Lub caij no, nws npaj los khaws cov khoom tsim txom, tab sis tam sim no nws yuav nyob uake nrog lub neej hauv nroog. Cov tswv yim npaj kho dua tshiab ntawm thaj chaw cog qoob loo yog tsim los ntawm Khvoya chaw lis haujlwm; tib cov kws ua haujlwm tabtom kho lub tsev B, lub tsev loj loj rau cov ntug dej ntawm Bolshaya Neva. Lub tsev yuav tsum dhau los ua ib hom dej ntawm lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntawm cov chaw tshiab, vim tias qhov pom ntawm tus dej yog qhov zoo, thiab qhov pom ntawm nws mus rau hauv dej kuj zoo kawg nkaus. Yog li, Sevkabelport cov tuam txhab tswj tuav qhib kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb hu ua "Lub Ntiaj Teb" rau "kev tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cov tsev tsim khoom B ua ib feem ntawm theem tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho rov qab" cov kev sib tw tau tsim los ntawm Project Baltia cov ntawv xov xwm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj tawm thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis. Tus yeej yog qhov project ntawm cov kws ua vaj tse DNK ag, uas peb tab tom xav txog ntau yam ntxiv.
Cov neeg koom nrog kev sib tw yuav tsum tau: qhov chaw ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm Soviet lub tsev pob zeb qhib qhov chaw pej xeem saib rau Bolshaya Neva, qhov dav ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm qhov no yog txog li ib mais; los tsim ib qho khoom uas yuav pom tau thiab tuaj yeem ua txuj ua kev tuaj saib - tshwj xeeb txij lub caij ntuj sov txoj kev no ntawm lub nkoj ncig xyuas, nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, tau qhib, uas ua rau nws yog ib feem ntawm tus sawv cev dej "faadeade" ntawm lub nroog. Thaum kawg, qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm tau nyob ntawm lub ru tsev. Cov kws sau ntawv tau muab nrog daim duab ntawm kwv yees cov nrawm uas, raws li kev suav, tus ncej ntawm lub tsev uas twb muaj lawm tuaj yeem tiv taus - raws li cov ntaub ntawv tau muab, nws tau pom tseeb tias nws feem ntau yuav thauj khoom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, txoj cai, yog tias saib los ntawm tus dej, ib feem, thiab mus rau qhov qis dua - nyob rau sab hnub poob.
Dab tsi txiav txim qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg sib ntxiv los ntawm DNK ag. Qhov ntim ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob ntawm sab xis thiab tau txais lub cim ntawm ob txheej ntawm cable, ib feem zoo ib yam li cov khoom pov thawj ntawm thaj av ntawm pawg raws li kev ceeb toom ntawm kev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis tsis rov ua dua, ntawm chav kawm, cia, tab sis tiaj thiab nyias, tshwj xeeb hauv profile. Lwm lub koom haum ntawm ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob daim ntawv sau npe - kos npe ntawm infinity - tau tawm suab los ntawm cov sau phau ntawv ntawm kev sib tw thiab, raws li cov kws kes duab, ua kom muaj kev khuv leej ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom.
Cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ua ib qho ergonomic duab rau cov chaw ua haujlwm: ob daim iav txuas ntxiv, sab nraud thiab sab hauv, lav ntau ntawm lub teeb ntuj. Sab nraud, txoj hlua ntawm lub views ntawm lub nroog thiab tus dej qhib, ib qho yuav luag ncig ntawm lub tshav puam nyob deb "ntuj kab", kuj yog hom infinity.
Qhov dav ntawm cov khoom ntim uas muaj tso cai pub rau txhua qhov kev npaj ua ke, ob qho tib si openspace thiab chaw ua haujlwm, - cov kws ua qauv muab cov qauv ntawm cov kev xaiv sib txawv. Cov chaw siv tau tsawg kawg yog nyob ntawm theem ntaiv thiab ntaiv, thiab ob ntawm lawv twb nyob hauv lub tsev, lawv tsuas yog xav tau txuas ntxiv, thiab ib qho yog nyob ntawm qhov axis ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm ob daim disc, uas ua kom muaj kev sib luag sib nrug ntawm qhov chaw, sau phau ntawv txog qhov project hais ntxiv. Ib qho chaw kauv ntaiv yuav tshwm sim nyob rau tib qho chaw hauv nruab nrab - yog tias tsuas muaj ib tus neeg xauj tsev, anchored, nws yuav pab txuas ob txheej nrog ib qho zoo nkauj ntsig txog "ntsia hlau". Nyob hauv lub tshav puam puag ncig ntawm sab hnub tuaj disk, muaj lub tsev hais plaub rau amphitheater rau cov neeg ua haujlwm cov chaw ua si lom zem, raug kaw los ntawm pej xeem, tab sis nrog qhib saum ntuj saum taub hau.
Nyob hauv tib daim disk uas nyob ze rau qhov kawg ntawm lub tsev, cov kws txawj tsim tsev pom ib qho chaw muaj pa nkag thiab chav chav, uas, yog li ntawd, tsis txhob lwj qhov pom lossis cov lus dag, tab sis muab zais rau hauv qab.
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zooming 1/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw lag luam chaw ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Lub tswvyim tsim kho tshiab © Cov pawg tsim qauv DNK ag
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zooming 2/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Phiaj xwm thib 2 © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 3/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Phiaj xwm thib 1 hauv tsev © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 4/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm kev tsim khoom vaj tsev B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Ntu © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 5/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm kev tsim khoom vaj tsev B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Ntu © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 6/6 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm kev tsim khoom vaj tsev B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Schematic ntu © Pawg neeg tsim qauv DNK ag
Txoj kev daws teeb meem tsis yog tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis txawm tias zoo li yog hom kev kos duab ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm zoo: ib lub ntsiab lus coj mus rau lub iconic laconicism. Tom qab tag nrho, dab tsi chaw ua haujlwm yog - lub thawv nrog iav phab ntsa thiab ib qho atrium rau ntxiv teeb pom kev sab hauv. Yog li ntawm no peb tau qhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob lub cev, "hlais" ntawm lub typology, txo rau kev lag luam zoo lub voj voog, tsis muaj atrium glazing thiab tsis muaj fab. Txawm tias Konstantin Melnikov hais tias cov ces kaum tau dhau txoj kev - nco ntsoov tam sim no nws lub tsev? Nov yog lwm lub koom haum rau koj, lub sijhawm no los ntawm cov avant-garde classic.
Cov disks raug teeb tsa nrog kev hloov chaw sab saud sab nraud, ua "theem ntaiv": zoo li yog tias cov sau ya ya tsaws ntawm lub ru tsev ib qho ntxiv rau hauv lub sijhawm xa khoom nruj. Cov khoom uas cov sau phau ntawv nyiam - corten, oxidized hlau - ua rau cov disc kuj tseem zoo li cov iav ntawm khov tshuab, uas ntxiv cov ntsiab lus kev lag luam thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyeem tau ntawm cov ntawv, qhov twg cov kws ua vaj tsev siv corten daim hlau. Kev nyem ntawm kab txaij raws cov npoo ntawm cov disc ua kom zoo ib yam rau ob lub zog thiab reels - thiab, feem ntau, hais txog kev lag luam daim duab.
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zooming 1/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw lag luam chaw ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Layout © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 2/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Layout © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 3/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Layout © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
Daim duab retro-thev naus laus zis ntawm "xeb" coils los ntawm sab ntawm Cov Kab Ntaus kuj tseem echoes lub teb corten pylon phaj tsim thiab pom tau los ntawm Khvoya chaw lis haujlwm raws li qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntsiab nkag mus hauv tsev B.
Tab sis rov qab mus rau chaw ua haujlwm tsav tsheb thiab lub ru tsev. Ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm qhov chaw qhib yog pej xeem. Cov ntawv sab sauv, cov nqaj ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa uas hloov mus rau qhov contour ntawm lub tshav puam hauv qab "occulus", los ntawm ob feem peb ua haujlwm ua tus ntoo qhib rau lub tshav puam qhib nyob hauv nws. Qhov no yog qhov hloov pauv, nkag mus rau cov chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm lub ru tsev yog nyob ntawm no, nws cov kauj ruam, rov ua dua arc ntawm lub disc thib ob, yog ua ke nrog amphitheater. Lub console - ib qho loj heev, tsis yog lub console, tab sis lub tsev ntawm ob txhais ceg - tsis tsuas yog dai tau zoo nkauj, tab sis tseem muaj peev xwm txaus los tiv thaiv los ntawm lub caij nyuam qhuav St. Petersburg nag lossis hnub tsawg. Ib feem them los ntawm cov nplooj saum toj tseem tseem txhais los ntawm cov kws kes duab ua qhov chaw tiv thaiv huab cua.
Hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov qhib ntawm lub ru tsev muaj cov iav dome ntawm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ntaiv - ib feem ntawm kev tsim kho tsev rov ua haujlwm raws li qhov haujlwm ntawm Khvoya bureau cov kws ua haujlwm. Qab nws yog qhov chaw qhib rau kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab lwm yam; nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb nyob hauv kev hloov pauv tau: ntawm no koj tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov kab nrig uas siv rooj tog thiab txav chaw nrog cov ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum qhib sab hnub poob, muaj ib lub tsev noj mov hauv phlab ntoo, ob qho kev xav tau tig mus ua theem ntawm amphitheater. Txij ntawm no, ntxiv rau ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cias, koj tuaj yeem saib cov kev ua yeeb yam.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, muaj ntau cov kev ua si nrog kev nce siab thiab kev ntxhov siab: txhua qhov ntawm lub ru tsev yuav, raws li qhov project, tsa ceg kom qhov laj kab qhob uas twb muaj lawm tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev lom zem ntawm lub tiaj tus. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si, muaj indentations rau hammocks, rau ib tug nyob ntsiag to so. Ua ke ntawm qhov panorama, muaj ib txoj hlua ntawm kev txhawb zog siab, uas qee zaum sawv kev nce los ntawm 2-3 kauj ruam ntawm chav me-amphitheaters rau kev saib cov dej thiab lub nroog. Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub qhib ru tsev DNK ag tau tso ib qho chaw nres tsheb huab cua me me rau Arctic Museum, uas tau npaj los ua, thiab lwm yam, hauv feem tseem ceeb ntawm Lub Tsev B.
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zooming 1/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw lag luam chaw ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Hmo Ntuj Fwm © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 2/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm tsoomfwv thiab tsev lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Ru tsev nrog bar © Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
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zooming 3/3 Lub tswv yim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw lag luam chaw lag luam ntawm lub ruv tsev ntau lawm B ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Sevkabel Port. Axonometry © Pab pawg Architectural pab pawg DNK ag
Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, cov haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw qhib tau yooj ywm thiab tsim rau ntau hom pastime. Tab sis nws yuav muaj peev xwm taug kev ntawm lub ru tsev ib yam nkaus - txoj kev sib txuas ib ncig ntawm 400 m ntev tau tso raws nws. Cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau hais meej thaum lub sijhawm ua cov txheej txheem, tab sis kom deb li deb muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm kev ncig kab ke ntawm qhov thib ob disc ntawm lub ru tsev theem, thiab ib puag ncig pom lub lawj ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm thawj disc-console.
Nws tau tig mus ua ib hom kev nyiam chaw ua haujlwm, tsis yog txhua yam tshiab, tab sis tseem tsis tshua muaj: ntawm ib sab tes, ib feem ntawm "pawg" hauv ib qho kev ua haujlwm qub, nyob rau lwm qhov, ua lub tsev tshiab nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, siab, nrog panoramas, qhov chaw zoo rau qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm chaw haujlwm. Muaj puag ncig los ntawm qhov chaw muaj ntau yam rau kev ua neej nyob, kev ua phooj ywg zoo rau kev nkag mus tau thiab qhov tseem ceeb, tseem yoog tau. Nws yog qhov tom qab kev lag luam, thiab tib lub sijhawm - lub tsev tsim-kos npe, hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas txhais tau qhov txawv ntawm St. Petersburg: lub nroog no yog kab rov tav, tab sis nyiam sis, lub qhov muag hauv nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws txav ntawm ib qho pom tau. yam rau lwm. Yog li, muaj ob txoj kab tav toj thiab hais lus tawm suab, uas nws lub tswv yim kev lag luam zoo sib xws nrog cov "constructivist" bulkhead ntawm kev thauj khoom davhlau ya nyob twg, nqa los ntawm "B" lub tsev mus rau dej: los ntawm no cov cables tau thauj ncaj qha rau nkoj. Qhov no yog pom tau los ntawm cov dej, tab sis tshwj xeeb yog qhov zoo - los ntawm qhov kev cog lus.
