Hauv Lavxias, lub sijhawm "lub tsev ntsuab" muaj txawm tias tshwm sim. Thaum pib, "ntsuab" thaj chaw lag luam yog tus tswv ntawm lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb. Tom qab, cov tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv mus rau kis las ncaws pob - qhov no tau tsim kev lom zem ntau los ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho loj tau ua tiav cov xwm txheej loj xws li Universiade thiab Olympic Games. Tam sim no eco-projects tau nqis tes ua rau thaj chaw hauv vaj tse thaj av, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tau hloov ntawm lub tsev me mus rau ntau lub tuam tsev.
Lub tsev ntsuab - lub teeb ntsuab
Raws li qhov kev xaiv cov tswv yim tshiab tshaj plaws, qhov kev thov rau cov vaj tsev nyob ib puag ncig hauv Lavxias tau nce 2,5 npaug ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Thaum yuav cov cuab yeej hauv vaj tse, tus neeg yuav xav tsis tsuas yog hais txog nws cov nqi, tab sis kuj hais txog kev ua haujlwm tom ntej, uas yog hais txog kev txuag nyiaj. Qhov no yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm ecological, lossis muaj kev ruaj ntseg, kev tsim kho (los ntawm Askiv Askiv ntsuab, lub tsev nyob ruaj khov).
Thaum pib, lub tswv yim ntawm kev txo qis kev siv ntawm lub zog siv thaum lub neej kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam tsev, nrog rau kev ua kom zoo lossis txhim kho cov tsev zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg thiab cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig tau pib nquag ua nyob rau sab hnub poob. Thawj qhov qauv ib puag ncig thiab cov kev pabcuam tau tshwm sim: BREEAM (Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Vaj Tse Tsim Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Ib Puag Ncig) hauv tebchaws Askiv, Lub Hnub Qub Zog thiab LEED (Cov Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Zog thiab Ib puag ncig tsim qauv) hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas.
Lub tsev ntsuab tuaj rau Russia tom qab tshaj li rau cov tebchaws ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab txuag hluav taws xob tau cuam tshuam txog tsoomfwv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv xyoo 2008, uas ua rau muaj kev ua raws li Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 261. Lub Plaub Hlis 2012, Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Lub Xeev Txoj Cai hauv Kev Tsim Ib Puag Ncig ntawm Lavxias Federation rau Lub Sijhawm. rau 2030 tau txais kev pom zoo, uas ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom tsim kho uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov ntawv pov thawj ib puag ncig lees paub. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv cov phiaj xwm yog them rau cov tsev nyob thiab chaw ua haujlwm, uas ua rau ntau dua li ib feem peb ntawm cov peev nyiaj txuag hluav taws xob. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias tsoomfwv txoj cai tau tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb - piv txwv li, raws li lub tuam txhab Jones Lang La Salle (JLL), uas muab cov kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag thiab kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm hauv cov vaj tsev, xyoo 2010 tsuas yog 2 yam khoom tau ntsib BREEAM thiab Tus qauv LEED, nyob rau xyoo 2014 tsuas yog 2 yam khoom muaj raws li BREEAM thiab LEED cov qauv.2… Nws xav tias thaum kawg ntawm 2015 ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm qhov chaw nrog thaj tsam tag nrho ntawm kwv yees li 1.5 lab m2 yuav dhau los ua ntawv pov thawj.2.
Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, txawv teb chaws cov cai nyob ib leeg tsis txaus rau peb lub teb chaws - yuav tsum muaj qhov yuav tsum tau kos los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias cov xwm txheej thiab cov xwm txheej. Lub sijhawm no, ntau lub tebchaws cov qauv tshiab tau raug tsim kho thiab muaj lub zog, uas suav nrog cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm LEED, BREEAM, GOSTs Lavxias, SNiP, thiab tseem coj mus rau hauv thaj chaw cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab lub zog qauv ntawm thaj chaw ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub chaw haujlwm. Cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev tsim kho thiab architecture tsim ntseeg tias kev ua tiav ntawm kev thov ntawm Lavxias tus qauv feem ntau nyob ntawm theem kev txhawb nqa ntawm tsoomfwv. Nov yog dab tsi Alexander Remizov, Tus Tswv Cuab ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm Lavxias (UAR), Tus Thawj Coj ntawm UAR Council rau Sustainable Architecture thiab NP "Green Building Council": “Kuv yuav nco ntsoov, ua ntej txhua yam, kev siv txoj cai 44 ntawm Tsoomfwv Tsab Cai, uas tswj kev yuav khoom thiab sib cog lus. Hauv nws, tus txheej txheem rau xaiv cov koom tes cog lus, tus xa khoom yuav tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov nqi, raws li yav dhau los, tab sis kuj yog tus nqi tsim ua haujlwm. Thiab yog tias dhau los, thaum txhua yam tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tus nqi, kev phooj ywg zoo hauv kev tsim kho yog nyob rau ntawm qhov tsis zoo - lub tsev "ntsuab" yog kim dua los tsim, - tam sim no qhov sib tw tau tsawg kawg yog qhov sib npaug, vim "ntsuab" cov tuam tsev feem ntau pheej yig dua hauv lag luam. Txoj cai lij choj no tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tias, qhov tseeb, nws siv raws li, nws yuav txhawb qhov tsim thiab kev tsim vaj tsev ib puag ncig zoo."
Cov nuj nqis tshwj xeeb yog muab Nikolay Krivozertsev, CEO EcoStandard Pawg, tus thawj coj ntawm kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig thiab cov kws tshaj lij: "Qhov nce ntawm tus nqi" "ntsuab" txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem yog li ntawm 0.3 txog 9% ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev kawm qhov ua tau: tsim qauv, tsim kho, cog lus. Tab sis nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw, cov nqi no yuav raug suav nyob rau hauv 3-7 xyoo vim yog cov cuab yeej txuag nyiaj."
Tsom cov khoom siv
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv lub tsev ntsuab raug them rau cov khoom siv. EcoStandard Pawg, ua ke nrog Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Russia thiab Ministry of Construction thiab Housing thiab Cov Kev Pabcuam Sib Tham ntawm Lavxias Lavxias, tau tsim phau ntawv GREEN BOOK, uas suav nrog cov kev daws teeb meem ib puag ncig uas tau txais cov lus pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv thiab cov thawj coj hauv cheeb tsam. GREEN BOOK yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev txhim kho GOST "Cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov qauv. Kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, siv thiab pov tseg. Cov txheej txheem rau kev ntsuam xyuas ". Cov ntaub ntawv tau npaj los siv ua qhov kev ntsuas tus cwj pwm ib puag ncig ntawm pej xeem cov khoom siv.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov ntaub ntawv siv los ua kom lub zog ntawm lub zog hauv vaj tse, vim tias ib qho ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim "ntsuab" yog txo tus nqi khiav lag luam los ntawm kev txuag peev.
Kev txuag nyiaj ntau tuaj yeem ua tiav vim muaj cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev nyob hauv txhua lub tsev thiab nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm ecology, pob zeb zeb yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws - nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom nyoos thiab yog li muaj kev nyab xeeb tiag tiag rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Thawj pob zeb wool rwb thaiv tsev kom tau txais EcoMaterial Green daim ntawv lo rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog ROCKWOOL cov khoom lag luam. Qhov zoo siab, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev thaj, zeb pob zeb rwb thaiv tsev, piv txwv li, ntawm LIGHT BATTS SCANDIC series, 5 cm tuab, yog piv rau brickwork 96 cm tuab. Tib lub sijhawm ntau cov peev kev nqis peev ntau. Raws li kev tshawb fawb los ntawm ROCKWOOL cov kws tshaj lij, kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal tsim thiab muag hauv 2014 yuav tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntau tshaj 4000 lab tons ntawm CO2raws li siv cov roj siv tsawg dua rau cov tuam tsev txo cov pa roj tsev nyob. Thiab kev nqis peev hauv kev rwb thaiv tsev rau cov kav dej kub tuaj yeem xa rov qab tsawg dua ib hnub - kev xa rov qab yog ntau dua 30,000 lub zog siv!
Xam thiab tseeb
Ntau tau hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob zoo rau kev saib xyuas ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab ru tsev: cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias 40% ntawm tshav kub tuaj yeem mus rau ntawm cov phab ntsa tsis muaj kab thaiv, thiab lwm 20% dhau los ntawm lub ru tsev. Cov khoom siv niaj hnub pab tiv thaiv cov khib nyiab. "Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb," hais tias Andrey Petrov, Lub Taub Hau ntawm ROCKWOOL Tsim Chaw … - Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntiav, thaum insulating thav duab teeb meem - phab ntsa, rafter ru tsev, plag tsev ntawm lub cav - lawv them feem ntau rau cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog thiab yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub teeb rwb thaiv tsev LIGHT BATTS SCANDIC yog yooj yim heev, muaj lub Flexi-ntug: lub phaj tsuas yog yooj yim ntxig ntawm cov lus qhia nrog lub siab me ntsis thiab haum snugly tiv thaiv lawv. Tseem muaj cov khoom lag luam rau hauv pem teb nrog pob zeb ua pob zeb screed, qhov twg qhov tsis kam mus rau kev thauj khoom yog coj mus rau hauv tus account, qhov no nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv FLOR BATTS txhav pob zeb. Rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev, piv txwv li, hauv plaster ntsej muag, kev tawm tsam kom tev cov khoom tseem ceeb - hauv cov tsev me lawv yuav muab los ntawm ROCKFACADE, thiab hauv cov tsev ntau-tsev - los ntawm FACADE BATTS. Tsis tas li, rau cov tsev apartment, ventilated facades yog nrov, qhov chaw tseem ceeb yog qhov ua haujlwm rau feem ntsug ntsws thiab cua, yog li ntawd VENTI BATTS slabs yuav tsum tau siv."
Tab sis qhov yuav tsum tau txhawm rau txhawm cov kav dej kub, raws li ib qho ntawm cov "ntsuab" lub zog txuag kev tsim kho, yog qhov kev xav tsis meej nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Daim ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm qhov no yog lub tsev nyob hauv Novosibirsk. Thaum tsim tus tsim lub tsev rau lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov kav dej kub, nws tau pom zoo kom siv 70 mm tuab pob zeb ntim cov thooj voos kheej kheej (raws li kev suav). Tab sis cov neeg ua tsev tsis quav ntsej cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv, thiab vim li ntawd, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv tsev tau raug kev txom nyem. Nws muab tawm tias kwv yees li 250 Gcal yog nkim txhua xyoo, uas nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntsig txog nyiaj txiag yog sib npaug rau 294 690 rubles. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tus kav dej sov sov kom sov qhov nkag thiab chaw nyob hauv lub tsev ntau ntau ua rau tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo microclimate kev txhim kho vim qhov ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua.
Qhov tseeb, thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa, ru tsev thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob - txawm tias loj, tab sis tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev ntsuas txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog txuag ntawm cov tsev nyob. Cov ntawv thov ua cov nyom
cov haujlwm ua rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov uas twb ua tas lawm
Tam sim no tus qauv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntsuab yog kev hloov kho ntau ntawm ib lub tsev nyias muaj nyias nrog thaj av ua ke nyob ib puag ncig mus rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig huv thiab nroog. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov phiaj xwm chij yog Microgorod hauv Thaj Chaw Thaj Chaw Thaj Chaw Thaj Chaw Thaj Chaw, uas nyob 6 km ntawm Moscow Txoj Kev hauv Krasnogorsk Koog Tsev Kawm Ntawv hauv Cheeb Tsam Moscow. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev siv "Microgorod" los ntawm lub tuam txhab tsim tawm Rose Group, kev tsim kho ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 77 thaj tsam yog npaj, kev tsim kho tau muab faib ua 8 theem. Ntxiv rau cov tsev nyob, nws tau npaj los tsim kev lag luam thiab kev tsim kho vaj tse, nrog rau thaj chaw ua si.
Lub tswvyim ntawm "Microcity hauv hav zoov" tau txiav txim siab los ntawm nws qhov chaw: thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw muaj neeg nyob ib puag ncig muaj hav zoov, dej ntws nyob ze - qhov no yog qhov chaw zoo los ntawm qhov pom ntawm ecology. Lub complex muaj tag nrho cov kev mob rau lub neej xis nyob rau thaj chaw huv. Cov tswv yim ntsuab tau cuam tshuam hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho. “Peb tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm tsis yog rau qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim kho, tab sis kuj yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsev, rau kev nplij siab ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv. Yog li no, txoj haujlwm siv cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo los ntawm ROCKWOOL, xws li ob chav ntom nti VENTI BATTS D thiab FACADE BATTS D, thiab cov khoom siv vov tsev RUF BATTS V thiab RUF BATTS N. cov kav dej. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv muaj daim ntawv pov thawj txuj ci thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau kev nyab xeeb, - Alexander Alexander Nuzhdin, tus thawj coj ntawm lub chaw sib tw ntawm Rose Group. - Kuv xav qhia ntxiv txog peb cov dej nag thiab chaw sau dej khib nyiab thiab peb tus kheej cov chaw lim dej - peb npaj yuav siv cov dej no yav tom ntej rau kev ua kom dej tsis huv hauv thaj av. Peb kuj muaj peb lub tsev boiler nyob hauv lub nroog”.
Nws yog qhov nthuav tias hauv qhov phiaj xwm "Microcity hauv hav zoov" tsis muaj qhov tsuas yog ib qho ntawm tib lub ntsej muag xwb - lawv txhua tus tau sib xyaw ua ke: plaster, nrog ntsib, nrog ledges. Txawm nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm 11-13 ntu, txhua qhov nkag mus nws tus kheej sab nrauv tiav. ROCKWOOL cov kws tshaj lij tau pab txhim kho cov rooj sib tham ntau yam thiab nrhiav cov txheej txheem tsis muaj txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev.
Txhua tus, los ntawm kev tsim tawm mus rau cov neeg nyob hauv cov tsev, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tsim kho cov tsev nyob raws li cov qauv kev siv hluav taws xob. "Ntsuab" kev tsim kho yog lub cav ntawm kev nce qib, kev txhim kho kev lag luam tshiab, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog lub neej yav tom ntej uas dhau los ua tam sim no.
qhov chaw: xovxwm kev pabcuam ntawm ROCKWOOL tus sawv cev chaw haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia
